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Franz von Papen
Franz Joseph Hermann Michael Maria von Papen zu Köningen (; 29 October 18792 May 1969) was a German nobleman, General Staff officer and politician. He served as Chancellor of Germany in 1932 and as Vice-Chancellor under Adolf Hitler in 1933–1934. He belonged to the group of close advisers to president Paul von Hindenburg in the late Weimar Republic. It was largely Papen, believing that Hitler could be controlled once he was in the government, who persuaded Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as Chancellor in a cabinet not under Nazi Party domination. However, Papen and his allies were quickly marginalized by Hitler and he left the government after the Night of the Long Knives, during which some of his confidantes were killed by the Nazis.
==Background==
Born into a rich and noble Roman Catholic family〔("Reich Chancellor Brüning's resignation" ) from the site ''Biografie Willy Brandt''. 〕 in Werl, Westphalia, the son of Friedrich von Papen zu Köningen (18391906) and his wife Anna Laura von Steffens (18521939), Papen was trained as an army officer. He served for a period as a military attendant in the Kaiser's Palace, before joining the German General Staff in March 1913. He entered the diplomatic service in December 1913 as a military attaché to the German ambassador in the United States. In early 1914 he travelled to Mexico (to which he was also accredited) and observed the Mexican Revolution, returning to Washington, D.C. in August of that year on the outbreak of the First World War. He had married Martha von Boch-Galhau (18801961) on 3 May 1905.
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