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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Parapsicephalus ： ウィキペディア英語版 Parapsicephalus ''Parapsicephalus'' (meaning "beside arch head") is a genus of "rhamphorhynchoid" (long-tailed) pterosaurs from the early Toarcian-age Lower Jurassic Alum Shale of Whitby, Yorkshire, England. It is known from a single partial skull lacking the snout, but including a detailed endocast of the brain. It was collected in the 1880s by Reverend D.W. Purdon, who is honored in the specific name, and first described by Edwin Tulley Newton, who named it as a species of ''Scaphognathus'', ''S. purdoni''.〔Newton, E.T. (1888). On the skull, brain, and auditory organ of a new species of pterosaurian (''Scaphognathus purdoni'') from the Upper Lias near Whitby, Yorkshire. ''Philospophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B'' 179:503-537〕 It was recognized as a distinct genus only decades later in 1919 by Gustav von Arthaber,〔von Arthaber, G. (1919). Studien über Flugsaurier auf Grund der Bearbeitung des Wiener exemplars von ''Dorygnathus banthensis'' Theod Sp., ''Denkschriften der königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften''. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 97:391-464. ()〕 although in 2003 it was synonymized by David Unwin with ''Dorygnathus'',〔Unwin, D. M., 2003, "On the phylogeny and evolutionary history of pterosaurs", In: ''Evolution and Palaeobiology of Pterosaurs'', edited by Buffetaut, E., and Mazin, J.-M., Geological Society Special Publication, n. 217, p. 139-190〕 repeated in a recent popular publication.〔Unwin, D.M. (2006). ''The Pterosaurs: From Deep Time''. Pi Press:New York, p. 272. ISBN 0-13-146308-X.〕 It has been considered to be a rhamphorhynchid,〔Carroll, R.L. (1988). ''Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution''. W.H. Freeman and Company:New York, 698 pp. ISBN 0-7167-1822-7.〕 of medium size (estimated wingspan of ~1 m ~()),〔 although a more recent estimation suggests it may have had a wingspan of over 2m, 〔O'Sullivan, M, Martill, M., and Groodcock, D.A pterosaur humerus and scapulocoracoid from the Jurassic Whitby Mudstone Formation, and the evolution of large body size in early pterosaurs. Proceedings of the Geological Association n. 124, p. 973-981. DOI 10.1016/j.pgeola.2013.03.002〕 ==See also== * List of pterosaurs 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Parapsicephalus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.