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Paraspeckle
In anatomy, a paraspeckle is an irregularly shaped compartment of the cell, approximately 0.2-1 μm in size, found in the nucleus' interchromatin space. First documented in HeLa cells, where there are generally 10-30 per nucleus, paraspeckles are now known to also exist in all human primary cells, transformed cell lines and tissue sections. Their name is derived from their distribution in the nucleus; the "para" is short for parallel and the "speckle" refers to the splicing speckles to which they are always in close proximity.〔 Their function is not known, but they may localize proteins in the nucleus.
== Localization ==
Paraspeckles are dynamic structures that are altered in response to changes in cellular metabolic activity. They are transcription dependent.〔 All five of the proposed protein components have RNA recognition motifs (RRMs)〔 and, in the absence of RNA polymerase II transcription, the paraspeckle disappears and all of its associated proponents form a crescent shaped perinucleolar cap in the nucleolus. This phenomenon is demonstrated during the cell cycle. In the cell cycle, paraspeckles are present during interphase and during all of mitosis except for telophase because, when the two daughter nuclei are formed, there is no RNA Pol II transcription so the protein components instead form a perinucleolar cap. The localization patterns were also duplicated in experiments using transcription inhibiting drugs.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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