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In ancient Roman religion and myth, the Parcae (singular, Parca) were the female personifications of destiny, often called the Fates in English. Their Greek equivalent were the Moirai. ==Names and history== They controlled the metaphorical thread of life of every mortal and immortal from birth to death. Even the gods feared the Parcae. Jupiter also was subject to their power. The names of the three Parcae were: * Nona (Greek equivalent ''Clotho''), who spun the thread of life from her distaff onto her spindle;〔John Day, ''God's Conflict With the Dragon and the Sea: Echoes of a Canaanite Myth in the Old Testament'', CUP Archive, 1985, p. 308.〕 * Decima (Greek ''Lachesis''), who measured the thread of life with her rod;〔John Day, ''God's Conflict With the Dragon and the Sea: Echoes of a Canaanite Myth in the Old Testament'', CUP Archive, 1985, p. 308.〕 * Morta (Greek ''Atropos''), who cut the thread of life and chose the manner of a person's death.〔L. L. Tels de Jong ''Sur quelques divinites romaines de la naissance et de la prophetie'' 1959, pp. 70–77; 83–85.〕〔P. Ramat "Morta" in ''Archivio glottologico italiano'' 40, 1960, pp. 61–67.〕〔J. H. Waszinsk ''Gnomon'' 34, 1962, p. 445.〕 The earliest extant documents referencing these deities are three small stelae ''(cippi)'' found near ancient Lavinium shortly after World War II.〔G. Dumezil ''La religion romaine archaique'' Paris, 1974, part 4, chapt.〕 They bear the inscription:
The names of two of the three Roman Parcae are recorded (''Neuna'' = Nona, ''Maurtia'' = Morta) and connected to the concept of ''fata''.〔L. L. Tels De Jong ''Sur quelques divinites romaines de la naissance et de la prophetie'' 1959 pp. 67–130.〕 Nona was supposed to determine a person's lifespan on the ''dies lustricus'', that is, the day on which the name of the child was chosen, which occurred on the ninth day from birth for a male and the eighth for a female.〔S. Breemer and J. H. Waszinsk ''Mnemosyne'' 3 Ser. 13, 1947, pp. 254–270: on personal destiny as linked to the collation of the ''dies lustricus''.〕 The recurrence of the nundinae was also considered a ''dies festus'' and as such ''nefas'' by some Roman scholars as Julius Caesar and Cornelius Labeo, because on it the ''flaminica dialis'' offered the sacrifice of a goat to Jupiter in the Regia.〔Macr. ''Sat.'' I 16, 30.〕 One of the sources for the Parcae is ''Metamorphoses'' by Ovid, II 654, V 532, VIII 452, XV 781. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Parcae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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