|
Parkour ((:paʁkuʁ)) is a training discipline using movement that developed from military obstacle course training.〔Angel, pp. 17–20〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Interview with David Belle )〕 Practitioners aim to get from one point to another in a complex environment, without assistive equipment and in the fastest and most efficient way possible. Parkour includes running, climbing, swinging, vaulting, jumping, rolling, quadrupedal movement, and other movements as deemed most suitable for the situation. Parkour's development from military training gives it some aspects of a non-combative martial art. Parkour is an activity that can be practiced alone or with others, and is usually—but not exclusively—carried out in urban spaces. Parkour involves ''seeing'' one's environment in a new way, and imagining the potentialities for navigating it by movement around, across, through, over and under its features. Parkour was developed in France, primarily by Raymond Belle, and further by his son David Belle and his group of friends, the self-styled ''Yamakasi'', during the late 1980s. The discipline was popularized in the late 1990s and 2000s through films, documentaries, and advertisements featuring the Yamakasi.〔 == Etymology == The term derives from "''parcours du combattant''", the classic obstacle-course method of military training proposed by Georges Hébert.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The name Parkour, simple question )〕 Raymond Belle used the term "''le parcours''" to encompass all of his training including climbing, jumping, running, balancing, and the other methods he undertook in his personal athletic advancement.〔Belle, pp. 31–70〕 His son, David, further developed his father's methods and achieved success as a stuntman, and one day on a film set showed his 'Speed Air Man' video to Hubert Koundé. Koundé suggested he change the "c" of "''parcours''" to a "k" because it was stronger and more dynamic, and to remove the silent "s" for the same reason, forming "''parkour''". A practitioner of parkour is often called a ''traceur'', with the feminine form being ''traceuse''.〔 They are nouns derived from the French verb ''tracer'', which normally means "to trace", as in "tracing a path", in reference to drawing.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Portail lexical — Définition de tracer )〕 The verb ''tracer'' used familiarly means: "to buck up".〔, (Populaire) Filer, se dépêcher. or to run (go) fast (to leave in a hurry) → (intransitive, informal) to leave, to get going, (reflexive) to haste, to hurry up → (idiomatic, dated) Hurry up; make haste.〕 The term ''traceur'' was originally the name of a parkour group headed by David Belle which included Sébastien Foucan and Stephane Vigroux. A ''jam'' refers to a meeting of traceurs, involving training lasting anywhere from hours to several days, often with people from different cities. The first parkour jam was organized in July 2002 by Romain Drouet, with a dozen people including Sébastien Foucan and Stephane Vigroux. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Parkour」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|