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JxSí (62) * C's (25) * PSC-PSOE (16) * CSQEP (11) * PPC (11) * CUP (10) |committees1 = |last_election1 = September 27, 2015 |next_election1 = 2019 |meeting_place = Palau del Parlament de Catalunya, Parc de la Ciutadella, Barcelona |website = (www.parlament.cat ) }} The Parliament of Catalonia ((カタルーニャ語、バレンシア語:Parlament de Catalunya), ) is the unicameral legislature of Catalonia (Spain). It is formed by 135 members ("diputats"), who are elected every four years or after extraordinary dissolution, chosen by universal suffrage in lists with four constituencies, the Catalan provinces. The Parliament building is located in Ciutadella Park. The most recent parliamentary elections were held on 27 September 2015. ==History== The first representative and legislative bodies in Catalonia were the Sanctuary and Truce Assemblies (''assemblees de pau i treva''), of which the earliest record dates from 1027. These were originally ad hoc, local meetings convened by the Church (Oliba, Bishop of Vic, who died in 1046, was a notable instigator) but progressively became subsumed into the court of the Counts of Barcelona. The first Catalan legal code, the ''Usatges de Barcelona'', was promulgated by Count Ramon Berenguer I based on the decisions of these assemblies. Although the Counts of Barcelona, Kings of Aragón from 1137, had greatly extended the territory under their control, their financial and military power was quite limited, partly because of their former status as vassals of the Carolingian dynasty. Their personal resources were particularly insufficient in periods of economic crisis or military expansion, of which they were many from the twelfth to the fifteenth centuries. The need to secure troops and revenue led to the steady expansion of the royal court and a formalisation of its procedures. It came to be referred to as the ''Cort General de Catalunya'' or ''Corts catalanes'', and was endowed with formal procedures, effectively a written constitution, by King Peter III of Aragon in 1283. The ''Corts Catalanes'' were composed of Three Estates (''Tres Braços''), representing the Church, the feudal nobles and the citizens of Royal towns such as Barcelona or Girona. Inhabitants of feudal towns (such as Cardona) were not represented, except by their overlords. The main function of the ''Corts'' was legislative, either in approving laws proposed by the King (''Constitucions'') or at their own initiative (''capítols de cort''). Although the ''Corts'' met at irregular intervals (as often as the Crown needed to find new resources), it also formally approved the acts of the King between their sessions (known as ''pragmàtiques'') and, from 1359, established a permanent delegation to oversee the Crown (forerunner of the Generalitat de Catalunya). The ''Corts catalanes'' were abolished by the Nueva Planta decrees in 1715 after Catalonia's defeat in the War of the Spanish Succession. There were several attempts in the early 20th century to institute an autonomous system of representation for Catalonia. The Commonwealth of Catalonia (1914–25) was an assembly of the provincial delegations of Barcelona, Girona, Lleida and Tarragona, abolished by Miguel Primo de Rivera. After an abortive declaration of a Catalan Republic in 1931, a separate Parliament of Catalonia was established under the first Statute of Autonomy and elected in 1932. This Parliament was suspended between 1934 and 1936, and abolished by Francisco Franco in 1938. The first legislature of the current Parliament of Catalonia was elected in 1980. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Parliament of Catalonia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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