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:''This article refers to the New World wood warbler family of birds, the Parulidae. For the Eurasian species ''Phylloscopus sibilatrix'', see wood warbler.'' The New World warblers or wood-warblers are a group of small, often colorful, passerine birds which make up the family Parulidae and are restricted to the New World. They are not closely related to Old World warblers or to Australian warblers. Most are arboreal, but some, like the ovenbird and the two waterthrushes, are primarily terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores. It is likely that this group originated in northern Central America, where the greatest number of species and diversity between them is found. From there they spread north during the interglacial periods, mainly as migrants, returning to the ancestral region in winter. Two genera, ''Myioborus'' and ''Basileuterus'' seem to have colonized South America early, perhaps before the two continents were linked, and together constitute most warbler species of that region. The scientific name for the family, Parulidae, originates from the fact that Linnaeus in 1758 named the northern parula as a tit, ''Parus americanus'', and, as taxonomy developed, the genus name was modified first to ''Parulus'' and then to ''Parula''. The family name derives from the name for the genus. ==Description== All the warblers are fairly small. The smallest species is the Lucy's warbler (''Oreothlypis luciae''), at about 6.5 g and . Which species is the largest depends upon which are to be included in the family. Traditionally, this was considered to be the yellow-breasted chat, at . Since this may not be a parulid, the ''Parkesia'' waterthrushes, the ovenbird, the russet-crowned warbler and Semper's warbler, all of which can exceed and 21 g, might be considered the largest. The migratory species tend to lay larger clutches of eggs, typically up to six, since the hazards of their journeys mean that many individuals will have only one chance to breed. In contrast, the laying of two eggs is typical for many tropical species, since the chicks can be provided with better care, and the adults are likely to have further opportunities for reproduction. Many migratory species, particularly those which breed further north, have distinctive male plumage at least in the breeding season, since males need to reclaim territory and advertise for mates each year. This tendency is particularly marked in the large genus ''Dendroica''. In contrast, resident tropical species, which pair for life, show little if any sexual dimorphism. There are of course exceptions. The ''Parkesia'' waterthrushes and ovenbird are strongly migratory, but have identical male and female plumage, whereas the mainly tropical and sedentary yellowthroats are dimorphic. The ''Granatellus'' chats also show sexual dimorphism, but due to recent genetic work have been moved into the family Cardinalidae (New World buntings and cardinals). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「New World warbler」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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