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Paskhas
The Korps Pasukan Khas〔The words ''khas'' and ''khusus'' - ''cf.'' Kopassus name - both mean "special, extraordinary", derived from Arabic root خصص, but Indonesians use the words in a slightly different manner; in Arabic ''khas'' (خاصّ) is the singular form, while ''khusus'' (خصوص) is the plural〕〔Poerwodarminto, W.J.S.''Kamus Umum Bahasa Indonesia''.1981〕〔Munawwir, Ahmad Warson.''Kamus Al-Munawwir Arab-Indonesia''.2002〕 (Paskhas) (en: ''Special Forces Corps'') is the Special Forces corps of the Indonesian Air Force (IAF) or TNI-AU in Indonesian. In Indonesia, this unit also sometimes called Orange Berets (''Baret Jingga'' in Indonesian) because of the colour of their service headgear. Like other elite units in the Indonesian Army and Navy, Paskhas is a ground combat unit that is capable of operating on land, sea, and air. The difference is that Paskhas is trained to seize and defend airfields from enemy forces, and then prepare the airfields to be able to facilitate friendly aeroplanes to land. This capability is known as Frontline Air Base Establishment and Management Operation (''Operasi Pembentukan dan Pengoperasian Pangkalan Udara Depan'' - OP3UD). Paskhas is the only special forces unit of the IAF and has many air-oriented combat abilities, such as combat-control team, airfields control, combat SAR, jump master, or ground-forward air control. They can also operate as air traffic controllers (ATC).
==History==
The history of Paskhas as the first airborne troops is almost as old as the Republic of Indonesia. An airborne-infiltration operation by 14 paratroopers on 17 October 1947, in Kotawaringin, Kalimantan, is marked as the birthdate of Paskhas. In the early years of the Indonesian Air Force (established on 9 April 1946), these airborne units were called Air Field Defence Troops (PPP). In April 1952, the Quick-Reaction Troops (PGT) was also established to strengthen the IAF. In 1952, the IAF ground units consisted of PPP, PGT, and PSU (Air Defence Unit). On 15 October 1962, PPP and PGT were organised into Air Fields Defence Command (Koppau). Later on 17 May 1966, Koppau was renamed to Quick-Reaction Troops Command (Kopasgat). There were three Kopasgat regiments, each located in Bandung, Jakarta and Surabaya. Kopasgat was transformed into the Special Forces Center in 1985, before it became Paskhas on 7 July 1997, based on the official decision of the Indonesian Armed Forces Commander.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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