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Pasteurellosis is an infection with a species of the bacterial genus ''Pasteurella'', which is found in humans and other animals. ''Pasteurella multocida'' (subsp. ''septica'' and subsp. ''multocida'') is carried in the mouth and respiratory tract of various animals, including pigs. It is a small Gram negative bacillus with bipolar staining by Wayson stain. In animals, it can originate fulminant septicaemia (chicken cholera), but is also a common commensal. Until taxonomic revision in 1999, ''Mannheimia'' spp. were classified as ''Pasteurella'' spp., and infections by organisms now called ''Mannheimia'' spp., as well as by organisms now called ''Pasteurella'' spp., were designated as pasteurellosis. The term "pasteurellosis" is often still applied to mannheimiosis, although such usage has declined. ==Types== There are several forms of the infection: * Skin/subcutaneous tissue disease is a septic phlegmon that develops classically in the hand and forearm after cat bite. Inflammatory signs are very rapid to develop; in 1 or 2 hours, edema, severe pain and serosanguineous exudate appear. Fever, moderate or very high can be seen along with vomiting, headache and diarrhea. Lymphangitis is common. Complications are possible, in the form of septic arthritis, osteitis or evolution to chronicity. * Sepsis is very rare, but can be as fulminant as septicaemic plague, with high fever, rigors and vomiting, followed by shock and coagulopathy. * Pneumonia disease is also rare and appears in patients with some chronic pulmonary pathology. It usually presents as bilateral consolidating pneumonia, sometimes very severe. Other locations are possible, such as septic arthritis, meningitis and acute endocarditis, but are very rare. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pasteurellosis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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