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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Peasant leagues (Brazil) ： ウィキペディア英語版 Peasant leagues (Brazil) Peasant leagues (Portuguese: ligas camponesas) were social organizations composed of sharecroppers, subsistence farmers, and other small agriculturalists. They originated in the agreste region of Northeastern Brazil in the 1950s. Originally organized by the Brazilian Communist Party (PCB),〔Welch, Cliff. ''Keeping Communism Down on the Farm: The Brazilian Rural Labor Movement during the Cold War'', Latin American Perspectives Vol.33, pg. 29.〕 they were later picked up by Francisco Julião, a member of the Democratic Labor Party (PDT) and other socialists. Originally founded to improve the standard of living for rural workers, their later objective became to oppose the power of latifundia in the region.〔Welch, Cliff. ''Keeping Communism Down on the Farm: The Brazilian Rural Labor Movement during the Cold War'', Latin American Perspectives Vol.33, pg. 28-50.〕 ==History== The leagues were founded by Brazilian communists, who believed that the latifundia, which had always dominated the Brazilian economy, were in a semicolonial relationship with the United States and were conspiring to oppress the working class by forcing rural workers to produce cash crops instead of food for native consumption and refusing to develop land which could not support those crops,〔Welch, Cliff. ''Keeping Communism Down on the Farm: The Brazilian Rural Labor Movement during the Cold War'', Latin American Perspectives Vol.33, pg. 30.〕 a belief partly shared by outsiders to communism.〔Smith, T. Lynn. ''Land Reform in Brazil'', Luso-Brazilian Review Vol. 1 No. 2.〕 The goal of the communists was to raise the rural workers' standard of living sufficiently that a classic Marxist capitalist-to-socialist transition could occur.〔Welch, Cliff. ''Keeping Communism Down on the Farm: The Brazilian Rural Labor Movement during the Cold War'', Latin American Perspectives Vol.33, pg. 30.〕 When the PCB began struggling with political pressure in the late 1950s Francisco Julião began taking on the business of establishing and organizing leagues. In January 1955, Francisco Julião made one of the most important associations legal, the SAPPP, that used to fight for peasants rights before its legalization. Communists objected to his growing role in the movement. His attempts to unify the leagues and resistance to registering them as unions conflicted with their own goal of attaining legitimacy, and his use of violent revolutionary rhetoric made them worry about retaliation from the military and police.〔Forman, Shepard. ''Disunity and Discontent: A Study of Peasant Political Movements in Brazil'', Journal of Latin American Studies Vol.3, pp.14-16.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Peasant leagues (Brazil)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.