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Pegivirus
''Pegivirus'' is the approved name for a new genus of single positive stranded RNA viruses in the family ''Flaviviridae''.〔Stapleton JT, Foung S, Muerhoff AS, Bukh J, Simmonds P (2011) The GB viruses: a review and proposed classification of GBV-A, GBV-C (HGV), and GBV-D in genus Pegivirus within the family Flaviviridae. J Gen Virol 92(2):233–246 doi: 10.1099/vir.0.027490-0〕〔Adams MJ, King AMQ, Carstens EB (2013) Ratification vote on taxonomic proposals to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Arch Virol 158(12):2633-2639. doi: 10.1007/s00705-013-1749-9〕 The name is derived one: "Pe" stands for "persistent" and "g" provides an historical reference to the former names of the human viruses ("G"B virus or hepatitis "G" virus).
==Taxonomy==
There are two named species within the Pegivirus genus. Isolates termed "Pegivirus A" are monophyletic and show < 50% nucleotide (55% amino acid) sequence divergence between aligned sequences from the polyprotein from each other. However all differ by >50% nucleotide (>55% amino acid) divergence from other members of this genus. Pegiviruses to be assigned to this species (Pegivirus A) originate from primate host species (humans, chimpanzees and several New World monkey species). The
sequence U22303 has been assigned the type member of the species as this was the first pegivirus to be described for this species. Terminology to describe viruses with different hosts has not been approved by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV); however, Pegivirus A viruses have been called HPgV for human pegivirus, SPgV for new world simian pegiviruses, and SPgVcpz for chimpanzee simian virus. This remains an area requiring further clarification.
A second species within the Pegiviruses is termed Pegivirus B. Only one virus was included in the naming proposal, which was a complete genome of a virus found in the bat species Pteropus giganteus. This sequence differs by >50% nucleotide (>55% amino acid) divergence from all proposed members of the primate-derived Pegivirus A species that originate from primate host species (humans, chimpanzees and several New World monkey species). The sequence GU566734 has been assigned the type member of the species as this was the first pegivirus to be described for this species. However, the use of deep sequencing technologies has identified additional viruses that differ from this bat species by > 50% nucleotide (>55% amino acid) and primate viruses in rodents, horses, and in different bat species, indicating the need to expand the number of species of Pegiviruses. Additional primate pegiviruses have also been recently discovered in old world monkeys, thus the host range for Pegiviruses is much broader than previously realized, and a system to name the different species is needed.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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