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Pelagius (c. 360-418)〔 〕 was a British-born ascetic moralist, who became well known throughout ancient Rome. He opposed the idea of predestination and asserted a strong version of the doctrine of free will.〔("Pelagius", ''Encyclopedia Britannica'' )〕 He was accused by Augustine of Hippo and others of denying the need for divine aid in performing good works. They understood him to have said that the only grace necessary was the declaration of the law; humans were not wounded by Adam's sin and were perfectly able to fulfill the law without divine aid. Pelagius denied Augustine's theory of original sin. His adherents cited Deuteronomy 24:16 in support of their position. Pelagius was declared a heretic by the Council of Carthage. His interpretation of a doctrine of free will became known as Pelagianism. He was well educated, fluent in both Greek and Latin, and learned in theology. He spent time as an ascetic, focusing on practical asceticism. He was well known in Rome, both for the harsh asceticism of his public life as well as the power and persuasiveness of his speech. His reputation earned him praise early in his career even from such pillars of the Church as Augustine, who referred to him as a "saintly man." However, he was later accused of lying about his own teachings in order to avoid public condemnation. Most of his later life was spent defending his doctrine against Christian theologians who held that Pelagius was spreading novelties in the Faith unknown to the apostolic tradition. Due to some calling him a heretic, little of his work has come down to the present day except in the quotes of his opponents. However, more recently some have defended Pelagius as a misunderstood orthodox: == Beginnings == Pelagius was born about 354-360. He is said by his contemporaries, such as Augustine of Hippo, Prosper of Aquitaine, Marius Mercator, and Paul Orosius, to have been of British origin.〔, ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''.〕 Jerome apparently thought that Pelagius was Irish, suggesting that he was "stuffed with Irish porridge" (''Scotorum pultibus praegravatus'').〔Daibhi O Croinin, ''Early Medieval Ireland 400-1200'' (2013), p. 206.〕 Tall in stature and portly in appearance, Pelagius was highly educated. He spoke and wrote Latin as well as Greek with great fluency and was well versed in theology. Pelagius became better known c. 380 when he moved to Rome. There he enjoyed a reputation of austerity; he also corresponded with St. Paulinus of Nola.〔(Pohle, Joseph. "Pelagius and Pelagianism." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 11. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 18 Jan. 2014 )〕 Pelagius became concerned about the moral laxity of society. He blamed this laxity on the theology of divine grace preached by Augustine, among others. He began to teach a very strict, rigid moralism, emphasizing a natural, innate human ability to attain salvation.〔(Filippo, Stephen N. "St. Augustine and Pelagianism". ''Ignatius Insight'' )〕 When Alaric sacked Rome in 410, Pelagius and his follower Caelestius fled to Carthage where he continued his work.〔 By 415 he was in Jerusalem. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pelagius」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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