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The Pelobatoidea are a superfamily of frogs. They typically combine a toad-like body shape with a frog-like, pointed face (hence the German name 'Krötenfrösche', literally 'toad frogs'). Phylogenetically they stand between primitive frogs (fire-bellied toads, midwife toads) on the one side and higher frogs (the family of true toads, tree frogs, and the family of true frogs) on the other and are therefore - among other things by characteristics of bone construction - in the suborder Mesobatrachia. The Pelobatoidea contain are more than 140 species in 12 genera and 2 families. The distribution covers Europe, North Africa and West Asia (Family Pelobatidae) and Southeast Asia (family Megophryidae). Their sister group are the Pelodytoidea, consisting of North American spadefood toads and parsley frogs. A striking characteristic is the vertically slit pupil in daylight. The tongue is thick, circular and almost entirely adhering to the floor of the mouth. When mating the males clutches the females in the lumbar region, just before the hind legs (inguinal Amplexus). == Taxonomy to the genus level == (In addition, otherwise individual species listed) * Family Megophryidae Bonaparte, 1850 - Asia * * Genus ''Atympanophrys'' Tian and Hu, 1983 (2 species) * * Genus ''Brachytarsophrys'' Tian and Hu, 1983 (5 species) * * Genus ''Leptobrachella'' Smith, 1925 (7 species) * * Genus ''Leptobrachium'' Tschudi, 1838 (12 species) * * Genus ''Leptolalax'' Dubois, 1980 (18 species) * * Genus ''Megophrys'' Kuhl & Hasselt, 1822 - Asian horned frogs (6 species) * * * Species ''Megophrys nasuta'' Schlegel, 1858 - Long-nosed horned frog * * Genus ''Ophryophryne'' Boulenger, 1903 (4 species) * * Genus ''Oreolalax'' Myers & Leviton, 1962 (17 species) * * Genus ''Scutiger'' Theobald, 1868 (18 species) * * Genus ''Vibrissaphora'' Liu, 1945 (5 species) * * Genus ''Xenophrys'' Günther, 1864 (29 species) * Family Pelobatidae Bonaparte, 1850 - European spadefoot toad * * Genus ''Pelobates'' Wagler, 1830 - European spadefoot toad (4 species) * * * Species ''Pelobates cultripes'' (Cuvier, 1829) - Western Spadefoot * * * Species ''Pelobates fuscus'' (Laurenti, 1768) - Common Spadefoot 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pelobatoidea」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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