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Penang is a state in Malaysia located on the northwest coast of Peninsular Malaysia, by the Strait of Malacca. Penang state is bordered by Kedah in the north and east, and Perak in the south. It is composed of two parts — Penang Island, where the seat of government is, and Seberang Perai (formerly ''Province Wellesley'' in English) on the Malay Peninsula. Highly urbanised and industrialised Penang is one of the most developed and economically important states in the country, as well as a thriving tourist destination.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Only 6% of the population yet Penang contributes about 36% of Malaysia's FDI in 2010: Penang must not live in the past but learn from the past so that we can save the future for our children )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Penang in a state of renaissance )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Slightly more men than women in Malaysian population )〕 Penang has the third-highest Human Development Index in Malaysia, after the state of Selangor and the federal territory of Kuala Lumpur. Its heterogeneous population is highly diverse in ethnicity, culture, language and religion. A resident of Penang is colloquially known as a Penangite (in English) or a ''Penang lang'' (in the local Penang Hokkien dialect). ==Etymology== The name of "Penang" comes from the modern Malay name ''Pulau Pinang'', which means "island of the areca nut palm" (''Areca catechu'', family Palmae).〔Simon Gardner, Pindar Sidisunthorn and Lai Ee May, 2011. ''Heritage Trees of Penang'', p. 206. Penang: Areca Books. ISBN 978-967-57190-6-6〕 The name Penang may refer either to the island of Penang (''Pulau Pinang'') or the state of Penang (''Negeri Pulau Pinang''). In Malay, Penang's capital George Town was called and labelled in old maps as ''Tanjung Penaga'' (Cape Penaigre),〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Betel Nut Island )〕 named after the many ballnut trees (also known as Alexandrian laurels, ''Calophyllum inophyllum'') on the coast, but now usually shortened as ''Tanjung'' (the Cape). Penang is also known as "The Pearl of the Orient", "东方之珠" ，and ''Pulau Pinang Pulau Mutiara'' (Penang, Island of Pearls). Penang is shortened as "PG" or "PP" in Malay. Early Malays called it ''Pulau Ka-Satu'' or "First (or Single) Island" because it was the largest island encountered on the trading sea-route between Lingga and Kedah.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Welcome to Penang State Museum )〕 The Siamese, then the overlord of the Kedah Sultanate, referred to the island as ''Koh Maak''. ((タイ語:เกาะหมาก) "Areca nut palm Island")〔 In the 15th century, the island of Penang was referred to as ''Bīnláng Yù'' () in the navigational drawings used by Admiral Zheng He of Ming-dynasty China in his expeditions to the South Seas.〔Raymond, Boon. (19 March 2010) (Penang, Penang lang(槟城人) lah : Penang is called Koh Maak, not Koh Opium ). Teochiewkia2010.blogspot.com. Retrieved on 11 August 2011.〕〔(Penang Special Attractions | Penang Travel Tip | Best Tourist Location in Asia ). Penangspecial.com. Retrieved on 11 August 2011.〕 The 16th-century Portuguese historian Emanuel Godinho de Eredia's map of the Malay Peninsula in his "Description of Malaca" in 1613 referred to the island as ''Pulo Pinaom''.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Penang」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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