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Penhallam ((コーンウォール語:Maner Pennalyn/Plas Pennalyn)) is the site of a medieval manor house surrounded by a protective moat. It was designated as a Scheduled Monument in 1996 and is now in the guardianship of English Heritage. ==Details== The site is situated in the civil parish of Jacobstow in northeast Cornwall, England, United Kingdom, one mile west of Week St Mary and seven miles south of Bude.〔Ordnance Survey: Landranger map sheet 190 ''Bude & Clovelly'' ISBN 978-0-319-23145-6〕 The site is a grass-covered ruin showing the complete ground-plan of the manor. The manor dates from the late 12th century and was abandoned during the mid-14th century. Penhallam is one of only four such moated medieval manor sites in Cornwall and it consists of a quadrangle of buildings around a central courtyard. Some excavations took place between 1968–1973 and the foundation trenches recorded by excavation can be seen as low, wire-framed and turf-covered earth banks. Historical records 〔''Medieval Archaeology: journal of the Society for Medieval Archaeology''; 18 (1974), pp. 90-145〕 show that the manor of Penhallam formed part of the honour of Cardinham, held by Richard fitz Turold in 1087, and by his descendants (eventually the de Cardinham family). The male line became extinct with the death of Andrew de Cardinham in about 1256. By 1270, Andrew's heiress, Isolda de Cardinham, had given Penhallam to the Champernowne family, who held the manor for the rest of the manor's habitation. During much of the early 14th century, it was occupied by the Beaupre family as tenants. It is thought that the site was abandoned by about 1428 when the land was divided into six partitions. The manor was originally reached by a drawbridge over the moat. Later on in the 13th century a fixed stone bridge was built.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Penhallam」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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