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Pennsylvania Avenue National Historic Site
Pennsylvania Avenue National Historic Site is a National Historic Site in the city of Washington, D.C. Established on September 30, 1965, the site is roughly bounded by Constitution Avenue, 15th Street NW, F Street NW, and 3rd Street NW.〔 The historic district includes a number of culturally, aesthetically, and historically significant structures and places, including Pennsylvania Avenue NW from the White House to the United States Capitol, the Treasury Building, Freedom Plaza, Federal Triangle, Ford's Theatre, the Old Patent Office Building, the Old Pension Office Building (which now houses the National Building Museum), Judiciary Square, and the Peace Monument.
Pennsylvania Avenue, the heart of the historic site, is recognized by many as "America's Main Street."〔Hardwood and Seib, ''Pennsylvania Avenue: Profiles in Backroom Power: Making Washington Work Again,'' 2009, p. 3; ''Fodor's Official Guide to America's National Parks,'' 2008, p. 111; Loeffler, ''The Architecture of Diplomacy: Building America's Embassies,'' 1998, p. 191; Brownlee, "Form and Content," in ''Out of the Ordinary: Robert Venturi, Denise Scott Brown and Associates: Architecture, Urbanism, Design,'' 2001, p. 73; "A Monumental Plan," ''Washington Post,'' July 13, 2008.〕 The avenue plays a significant part in American political culture as well. "Since its creation in the head of L'Enfant, from the time Jefferson planted Lombardy poplars along its edge, this has been the most important avenue in Washington," noted author Jeffrey F. Meyer. "It is the corridor of power, linking the legislative, judicial, and executive branches."〔Meyer, ''Myths in Stone: Religious Dimensions of Washington,'' 2001, p. 17-18.〕 Professor of architecture Michael J. Bednar, commenting on the role the avenue plays in the nation's political life, has written, "A march down Pennsylvania Avenue...brings high visibility and prestige to a group and its cause."〔Bednar, ''L'Enfant's Legacy: Public Open Spaces in Washington,'' 2006, p. 36.〕 Historian Lucy G. Barber, who has studied the site's political meaning, has called it one of the "central and most potent national spaces of the nation."〔Barber, ''Marching on Washington: The Forging of an American Political Tradition,'' 2004, p. 53.〕 The American Planning Association said in 2014 that a "march down Pennsylvania Avenue holds great symbolic meaning and has played a role in the fight for workers' rights, women's suffrage, and civil rights."
==History of the site==
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