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((英語:peninsula with two beaches)) is a village and community in the Welsh county of Gwynedd. It is located between ((英語:Big Beach)), the now largely reclaimed estuary of the , and ((英語:Little Beach)), the estuary of the River Dwyryd. The village is close to the mouth of the River Dwyryd on the A487 from , and has a population of 2,031,〔(Office for National Statistics : ''Census 2001 : Parish Headcounts : Gwynedd'' )〕 increasing to 2,150 at the 2011 Census.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Community population 2011 )〕 The holiday village of Portmeirion, best known as the filming location for the 1960s TV series, ''The Prisoner'', is located within . ==History== The present village was laid out in the second half of the 19th century by the local landowner David Williams of Castell Deudraeth at Minffordd on land reclaimed by the drainage of stagnant marshes. The older settlement at Upper Penrhyn was originally called ''Cefn Coch'' ('Red Ridge') and that name is perpetuated by the Penrhyndeudraeth primary school, which is known as Ysgol Cefn Coch. The lower half of Penrhyndeudraeth used to be a lake, which was then drained to create the area where the village's High Street is today. The names of terraces in Penrhyndeudraeth, such as ''Glanllyn'' ('lakeside') or ''Penllyn'' ('the furthest side of the lake'), hearken back to a time when the space they occupy was underwater. There is also an area named ''Penlan'' ('the end of the tide'), which may point to the reason why the lower half of Penrhyndeudraeth is flat. It is believed that the lower half of Penrhyndeudraeth was founded on a spot behind the ''Royal Oak'' pub where the old Pierce & Sons garage is located. Prior to the many 19th century land reclamation projects (including The Cob at Porthmadog) and the building of the Ffestiniog Railway, both of which spurred economic growth, the few local inhabitants relied on agriculture and small scale copper mining. Some men worked boats on the River Dwyryd, carrying slate from Maentwrog to the sea for export. Local women at that time gathered cockles in the estuary for sale in local markets, Penrhyndeudraeth is still known locally, especially by the people of Blaenau Ffestiniog and Porthmadog, as 'Cockletown'. Halfway between Penrhyndeudraeth and Minffordd, next to the Snowdonia National Park Headquarters, but standing aloof, is Hendre Hall, where in 1648, Humphrey Humphreys was born. Bishop of Bangor from 1689 to 1701 and then of Hereford, Humphreys was a notable Welshman, well versed in history and antiquities of his native land. He was the inspirer of a revival in Welsh literature and the patron of such eminent writers as Ellis Wynne, Samuel Williams, Edward Llwyd and Edward Samuel. According to Edward Llwyd he was the most patriotic Welshman of his time. His parents Richard Humphreys and Margaret Wynn are buried at St Brothen's Church, Llanfrothen. He died in 1712. One of the family carvings at the Holy Trinity Church Penrhyndeudraeth is of him and there is also an oak chest which Richard Humphreys gave to Llanfrothen Church whilst working as its warden in 1690. A few old cottages were erected on Upper Penrhyn or Cefn Coch as it was called; but the village proper is comparatively modern. The ground on which it stands was a malarial swamp encirciling a huge stagnant pool. It owes its existence as a commercial centre to the farsighted-ness and business acumen of a patriotic squire - David Williams of Castell Deudraeth - who drained the swamp and dried the pool and constructed many roads. Wisely adopting a scheme of town planning evolved by the builder of Tremadog and his Italian craftsmen, Squire Williams gave Penrhyndeudraeth broad streets and wide open spaces. There was also a dream of a garden of rest on Market Square (outside Osmond Terrace which now has parked cars), with ornamental trees and clumps of shrubs in front of what was Victoria Hotel which is now a dwelling and previously a shop owned by Mr & Mrs. Rimmer, and nearby to the Victoria Inn at the time which later became Midland Bank / HSBC, but unfortunately this was never fulfilled. The village square is a road junction. A traveller has choice of four roads - one leading to the station, one to Porthmadog, one to Maentwrog and the other to Llanfrothen and the Pass of Aberglaslyn. The property named "Cae Ednyfed", between Penrhyndeudraeth and Minffordd, was once the property of Ednyfed Fychan, commander-in-chief to Llywelyn ap Iorwerth. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Penrhyndeudraeth」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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