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|Section2= |Section3= |Section4= |Section6= |Section7= |Section8= }} Pentabromodiphenyl ether (also known as pentabromodiphenyl oxide) is a brominated flame retardant which belongs to the group of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Because of their toxicity and persistence, their industrial production is to be eliminated under the Stockholm Convention, a treaty to control and phase out major persistent organic pollutants (POP). ==Composition, uses, and production== Commercial pentaBDE is a technical mixture of different PBDE congeners, with BDE-47 (2,2',4,4'- tetrabromodiphenyl ether) and BDE-99 (2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether, pictured in the Infobox) as the most abundant.〔Persistent Organic Pollutants Review Committee of the Stockholm Convention. (Commercial Pentabromodiphenyl Ether: Risk Management Evaluation. ) United Nations Environment Programme, August 2007.〕 The term pentaBDE alone refers to isomers of pentabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE congener numbers 82-127).〔Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. (Toxicological Profile for Polybrominated Biphenyls and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBBs and PBDEs). ) Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, September 2004.〕 Only congeners with more than 1% listed. Commercial pentaBDE is most commonly used as a flame retardant in flexible polyurethane foam; it was also used in printed circuit boards in Asia, and in other applications.〔 The annual demand worldwide was estimated as 7,500 tonnes in 2001, of which the Americas accounted for 7,100 tonnes, Europe 150 tonnes, and Asia 150 tonnes.〔Bromine Science and Environmental Forum. (Major Brominated Flame Retardants Volume Estimates: Total Market Demand By Region in 2001. ) 21 January 2003.〕 The global industrial demand increased from 4,000 tonnes annually in 1991 to 8,500 tonnes annually in 1999.〔(Dynamic Substance Flow Analysis Model for Selected Brominated Flame Retardants as a Base for Decision Making on Risk Reduction Measures ), study for the Swiss National Science Foundation, 2007, page 23〕 As of 2007, "there should be no current production of C-PentaBDE (pentaBDE ) in Europe, Japan, Canada, Australia and the US"; however, it is possible that production continues elsewhere in the world.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pentabromodiphenyl ether」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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