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Pentadiplandra
''Pentadiplandra brazzeana'' is the sole species in the plant genus ''Pentadiplandra'', which is placed alone in family Pentadiplandraceae. It is a plant of West Africa.
The plant was rediscovered in 1985 by Marcel and Anette Hladik, both working at the Paris National Nature Museum, who were studying the eating habits of apes in Gabon.〔(UW-Madison professor makes a sweet discovery 10:57 PM 11/04/02 Jason Stein For the State Journal )〕
They published their findings in science magazines, which started global interest in research on the sweet secret of Pentadiplandra brazzeana berry fruit.
The plant grows in Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, the Republic of the Congo, Cameroon, Gabon and Nigeria.〔(Data Portal of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). Biodiversity occurrence data for Pentadiplandra brazzeana Baillon )〕
Two highly sweet-tasting proteins were discovered from the fruit, pentadin (in 1989)〔(H Van der Wel, G Larcon, A Hladika, CM Hladik, G Hellekant and D Glaser. Isolation and characterisation of Pentadin, the sweet principle of Pentadiplandra-Brazzeana Baillon. Chemical Senses 1989, 14:75-79. )〕 and brazzein (in 1994).〔(D Ming and G Hellekant. Brazzein, a new high-potency thermostable sweet protein from Pentadiplandra brazzeana B. FEBS Lett 1994, 355(1):106-8. )〕 Brazzein is 2000 times as sweet as sugar, and has low calorific value.
==Traditional use ==
The plant grows in Gabon and Cameroon, where the fruit has been consumed by the apes and the natives for a long time. The berries of the plant were incredibly sweet African locals call them "Oubli" (French for "forgot") in their vernacular language because their taste helps nursing infants forget their mother's milk 〔 as once they eat it they forget to come back to the village to see their mother.〔 (CM Hladik and A Hladik. (1988) Sucres et "faux sucres" de la forêt équatoriale : évolution et perception des produits sucrés par les populations forestières d'Afrique. Journal d'Agriculture Tropicale et de Botanique Appliquée (FRA), 1988. - vol. 35, n. spéc., p. 51-66. )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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