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Peshkopi (, (マケドニア語:Пешкопеја), (トルコ語:Debre-i Zir)) is a town in Dibër County, northeastern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Dibër.〔(Law nr. 115/2014 )〕 The population at the 2011 census was 13,251.〔(2011 census results )〕 It is located away from Tirana, the capital of Albania, and from the Macedonian border. It sits above sea level. It is the capital of both the county ((アルバニア語:qark)) and district ((アルバニア語:rreth)) of Dibër. It is the only county capital in Albania that does not share its name with its county. Peshkopi lies east of the Black Drin river. The Drin valley is the lowest part of the district. Mineral ores such as chromium, sulphur, and marble have been discovered in the district. It is also an important industrial center in Albania, particularly in relation to the food industry. Peshkopi has a branch of Aleksandër Moisiu University, currently closed by order of the national Ministry of Education for alleged failure to meet standards. ==History== The region now known as Dibër was inhabited in pre-Christian times by the Illyrian tribe known to the Romans as Penestae ((アルバニア語:penestë)). The name of Peshkopi is derived from the word ''peshkop'' meaning ''bishop'' in Albanian. Bulgarian maps of the eleventh century show the town under the name ''Presolengrad''. The region of Dibër was subsumed under the Orthodox archepiscopate of Ohrid in 1019, and one year later received the status of an episcopate with its center in the Bulke ward of Peshkopi, located in what is now the neighborhood of Dobrovë. The central church of the Dibër Episcopate was that of St. Stephen ((アルバニア語:Kisha e Shqefnit)). The seat of the Episcopate would later be relocated, but the town of Peshkopi retained its name. Peshkopi is referenced as early as the fifteenth century under the name ''Peskopia''. By the beginning of the sixteenth century, the Ottoman Empire had completed its conquest of Albania. Under the rule of the Ottoman Empire, Peshkopi (then ''Debre-i Zir'', which meant "Lower Debre" in Ottoman Turkish) was a small market town, overshadowed by the larger and more flamboyant Debar ((アルバニア語:Dibra e Madhe), "Greater Dibër"), which today lies just over the Macedonian border. The population of Peshkopi was almost completely Muslim by 1583. In 1873 an Ottoman barracks was built in Peshkopi, housing up to 8,000 soldiers.〔 The Dibër region, including Peshkopi, took part in the uprisings against Ottoman authority that were occurring throughout Albania in the early 1910s. Albanian armed bands ((アルバニア語:çeta)) captured Peshkopi from the Ottomans on August 16, 1912.〔.〕 In the aftermath of the breakup of the Ottoman Empire, a Serbian army invaded Dibër and entered Peshkopi in early December 1912. Albanian forces retook the city on September 20, 1913. A Bulgarian army invaded Peshkopi on January 1, 1916. The Austro-Hungarian Empire, an ally of Bulgaria, brought an army to Peshkopi on April 12, 1916 and engaged in punitive house-burnings and executions throughout the region in an attempt to quell local resistance. The Bulgarians and Austro-Hungarians departed the area in September 1918. Italian forces invaded Albania in 1939, reaching Peshkopi on April 15.〔 Cited in 〕 Albanian Communist partisans retook Peshkopi on September 9, 1943. The following October, the partisans defeated Balli Kombëtar forces in an armed battle for control of the city. In July 1944, German forces occupied the city, but were expelled later that same month. Fighting continued in the Dibër region until early September, leaving the Communist-dominated National Liberation Army ((アルバニア語:Ushtria Nacionalçlirimtare)) in control. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Peshkopi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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