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The Petrological Database of the Ocean Floor (PetDB)〔(PetDB )〕 is a relational database and repository for global geochemical data on igneous and metamorphic rocks generated at mid-ocean ridges including back-arc basins, young seamounts, and old oceanic crust, as well as terrestrial xenoliths from the mantle and lower crust and diamond geochemistry. These data are obtained by analyses of whole rock powders, volcanic glasses, and minerals by a wide range of techniques including mass spectrometry, atomic emission spectrometry, x-ray fluorescence spectrometry, and wet chemical analyses. Data are compiled from the scientific literature by PetDB data managers, as well as being provided by members of the scientific community. PetDB is administered by the GfG〔(Geoinformatics for Geochemistry )〕 group under the IEDA〔(IEDA )〕 facility at LDEO headed by K. Lehnert and is a member of the NSF supported EarthChem.〔(EarthChem )〕 PetDB is supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation. == History == Development of PetDB〔 began in 1995 when scientists from the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO)〔(LDE ) O〕 C. Langmuir (now at Harvard University), W. Ryan, and A. Boulanger saw the potential impact of new information technologies such as the World Wide Web and relational databases on the use of scientific data in research and in the classroom. The initial funding phase of PetDB (1996–2001) supported the development of the database structure and population with data values. Renewed funding (2002–2007) permitted the migration of the database into an ORACLE-based environment administered by the Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)〔(CIESIN )〕 of Columbia University,〔(Columbia University )〕 continued data entry, and enhancement of the web-interface with a more user-friendly design. PetDB is now maintained by (EarthChem ) and funded by the (US National Science Foundation ) as part of the (Interdisciplinary Earth Data Alliance facility ). IEDA is an umbrella data facility that joins (EarthChem ) and the (Marine Geoscience Data System ). This joint facility is funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation as a cooperative agreement.〔(An Overview of IEDA | Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA) )〕 The relational database structure of PetDB is a sample-based implementation and designed to accommodate chemical and petrological data for any type of rock sample, along with essential metadata that provide information about the sample (e.g. location and time of collection, taxonomy, petrographic description) and the data quality (e.g. analytical procedure, reference standard measurements) (Lehnert et al. 2000). Initially developed for PetDB and its subareal counterpart GEOROC,〔(GEOROC )〕 this relational data model has demonstrated utility and flexibility by its application in subsequent geochemical database projects including NAVDAT,〔(NAVDAT )〕 MetPetDB,〔(MetPetDB )〕 and (SedDB ) Since its inception, PetDB has supported a wide array of scientific endeavors, providing easy access to a comprehensive global dataset of geochemical data for mid-ocean ridge basalts, abyssal peridotites and also xenolith samples from the Earth's mantle and lower crust. PetDB has been cited in more than 552 peer-reviewed scientific articles as the source of data used to develop and test new hypotheses which range from the chemical and mineralogical composition of Earth’s mantle (e.g. Salters & Stracke 2004, Thirlwall et al. 2004), to the generation and evolution of continental and oceanic crust (e.g. Weyer et al. 2003, Cipriani et al. 2004), melt transport phenomena (Braun & Kelemen 2002, Spiegelman & Kelemen 2003), to global geochemical seawater budgets (e.g. van der Flierdt et al. 2004). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Petrological Database of the Ocean Floor」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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