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|industry = Oil and gas |foundation = 3 October 1953 (61 years) |location_city = Rio de Janeiro, RJ |location_country = Brazil |area_served = Worldwide |key_people = Aldemir Bendine (CEO)〔(Petrobras’s Foster to Replace Gabrielli as Chief Executive ) Business Week, retrieved 27 January 2012〕 Almir Guilherme Barbassa (CFO) | products = Petroleum and its derivatives, natural gas, lubricant, petrochemical, fertilizer, biofuel | revenue = US$130.0 billion (2013)〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=2010 Form 10-K, Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. )〕 | net_income = US$10.0 billion (2013)〔 | equity = | num_employees = 80,497 (2010)〔 | owner = 〔(Brazilian government boosting Petrobras stake to 64 percent ) France 24. Retrieved on 2010-10-15.〕 | | subsid = Petrobras Distribuidora, Transpetro, Petrobras Argentina, Braskem among others.〔http://www2.petrobras.com.br/ri/ing/ConhecaPetrobras/EmpresasGrupo/organograma.htm〕| | homepage = (www.petrobras.com.br ) }} Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. — Petrobras, more commonly known as simply Petrobras ((:ˌpɛtɾoˈbɾas)), is a semi-public〔(Petrobras – Investor Relations )〕 Brazilian multinational energy corporation headquartered in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is the largest company in the Southern Hemisphere by market capitalization and the largest in Latin America measured by 2011 revenues.〔(Latin Business Chronicle )〕〔http://notibiz.notiemail.com/noticias.asp?leng=en&id=2037〕〔http://www.horadopovo.com.br/2006/dezembro/05-12-06/pag3-petro-a.htm〕 The company's name translates to Brazilian Petroleum Corporation — Petrobras. Petrobras was founded in 1953. While the company ceased to be Brazil's legal monopolist in the oil industry in 1997, it remains a significant oil producer, with output of more than of oil equivalent per day. The company owns oil refineries, oil tankers, and is a major distributor of oil products. Petrobras is a world leader in development of advanced technology from deep-water and ultra-deep water oil production. In September 2010, Petrobras conducted the largest share sale in history, when US$72.8 billion worth of shares in the company were sold on the BM&F Bovespa stock exchange.〔(Capitalização da Petrobras ) Veja.com〕 Upon the sale, Petrobras immediately became the fourth-largest company in the world measured by market capitalization.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Nunca antes na história da humanidade )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Capitalização da Petrobras foi a maior da história da humanidade )〕 In 2008, Petrobras surpassed Microsoft, making it the third largest in the Americas by market value, according to the consulting firm Economática. 〔 In the same year, the state became the third most profitable company in the Americas, except Canada, surpassing Vale. In September 2010, in order to achieve self-financing for the operation of the pre-salt layer, Petrobras made a capitalization of 70 billion dollars by offering in the financial market, the largest ever in the world. In August 2011 the company broke two records in terms of its net profit—10.94 billion Reais in the second quarter of the year 21.9 billion Reais in the first half of the year. However, in October 2013, the company was rated as the most indebted in the world, according to the Merrill Lynch report. According to Moody's, between December 2013 and October 2014 Petrobras' debt rose by 25 billion to $170 billion. Moody's downgraded Petrobras' debt rating and warned of more downgrades in the future until at least 2016. By 2015 Petrobras faced dangerous exposure to bond markets and could face punitive pricing as the company lacked credibility as it had not published its audited accounts. An investigation called Operation Car Wash placed Petrobras at the center of what may be the largest corruption scandal in Brazil's history. Prominent Brazilian politicians and businessmen are under investigation in regards to "suspicious" contracts worth $22 billion.〔 ==Overview== Petrobras controls significant oil and energy assets in 18 countries in Africa, North America, South America, Europe, and Asia. These holdings as well as properties in Brazil give it total assets of $137.3 billion (2012). Petrobras is Latin America's largest company with 2008 sales of $118.3 billion, according to a ranking from Latin Business Chronicle over Latin America's Top 500 Companies. The Brazilian government directly owns 54 percent of Petrobras' common shares with voting rights, while the Brazilian Development Bank and Brazil's Sovereign Wealth Fund (Fundo Soberano) each control 5 percent, bringing the State's direct and indirect ownership to 64 percent.〔(Source: 09 – April 2011 – "Governance – Capital Ownership" at Petrobras Investor Relation Site )〕 The privately held shares are traded on BM&F Bovespa, where they are part of the Ibovespa index. Petrobras began processing oil shale in 1953, developing Petrosix technology for extracting oil from oil shale. An industrial size retort began processing shale in the 1990s.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Petrobras )〕 In 2006, Petrobras claimed that this industrial retort had a design capacity to process 260 tonnes/hour of oil shale.〔http://apps.aiche.org/Proceedings/Abstract.aspx?ConfID=Annual-2006&GroupID=1146&SessionID=3593&PaperID=77492〕 Petrobras operated the world's largest oil platform — the Petrobras 36 Oil Platform – until an explosion on 15 March 2001 led to its sinking on 20 March 2001. P-36 was replaced by FPSO-Brasil. In 2007, Petrobras inaugurated the Petrobras 52 Oil Platform. The 52 is the biggest Brazilian oil platform and third in the world.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Lula inaugura a maior plataforma de petróleo do Brasil )〕 Petrobras is also recognized as the largest sponsor of arts, culture, and environmental protection in Brazil. Among the environmental initiatives, Petrobras is the main supporter of whale conservation and research through the Brazilian Right Whale Project〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Brazilian Right Whale Project )〕 and the Instituto Baleia Jubarte (Brazilian Humpback Whale Institute).〔(Instituto Baleia Jubarte )〕 Petrobras has been a sponsor of the Williams Formula-1 team. The company employs the H-Bio process to produce biodiesel.〔http://www2.petrobras.com.br/tecnologia/ing/hbio.asp〕 According to Forbes, as of April 2011, Petrobras is the 8th largest company in the world. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Petrobras」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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