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Phaeohyphomycosis
Phaeohyphomycosis is a heterogeneous group of mycotic infections caused by dematiaceous fungi whose morphologic characteristics in tissue include hyphae, yeast-like cells, or a combination of these. It can be associated with ''Alternaria''. It can also be associated with ''Exophiala jeanselmei''.
The term “phaeohyphomycosis” was introduced to determine infections caused by dematiaceous or pigmented filamentous fungi which contain melanin in their cell walls.〔Ajello, L., L.K. Georg, and R.T. Steigbigel. 1974. A case of phaeophyphomycosis caused by a new species of Philaphora. Mycologia 66:490-498〕 Phaeohyphomycosis is an uncommon infection, however the number of case reported has been increasing in recent years. The presence of melanin in cell walls may be a virulence factor for the pathogens caused by the fungi. The outcome of antifungal treatment is poor, and mortality is almost 80%.〔Sanjay G.R., J.E. Patterson, D.DA. Sutton, R.Pullen, and M.G. Rinaldi. 2002. Disseminated phaeohyphomycosis:review of an emerging Mycosis. Clinical Infectious Disease 34:467-476.〕 Phaeohyphomycosis has been attributed to more than 100 species and 60 genera of fungi over the past several decades. The pathogens are considered opportunistic. Almost all cases of widely disseminated infection have occurred in immunosuppressed patients.〔
==Clinical signs of phaeohyphomycosis==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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