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'' Phaethornis '' is a genus of hummingbirds in the hermit subfamily Phaethornithinae. They occur from southern Mexico, through Central America, to South America as far south as northern Argentina. ==Description and ecology== Their plumage typically involves greens, browns, rufous or grey. Most species show some green or bronze iridescence to the upperparts, but this is far less conspicuous than that of many other hummingbirds. The male and female plumages of hermits are very similar, with differences limited to details of bill-shape, tail-shape and/or strength of colours/patterns. No species of hermit show the strong sexual dimorphism usually associated with hummingbirds. ''Phaethornis'' hermits typically have a long decurved bill, although three species, ''P. koepkeae'', ''P. philippii'' and ''P. bourcieri'' have virtually straight bills. They have a red or yellow base to the lower mandible, and their two central tail feathers are elongated and tipped with white, buff or ochraceous. The crown of the head is flat, and two pale facial stripes enclose a dusky mask. Most '' Phaethornis '' hermits are restricted to the edge and undergrowth of forest, woodland and second growth, but some species (e.g. ''P. pretrei'') also occur in more open habitats. Many species of hermits form leks and congregate on traditional display grounds, where females visit to choose a mate. However, male hermits are generally less aggressive than other male hummingbirds, though both sexes will defend a feeding territory. Most hermits are associated with heliconias, but will utilize other nectar sources like flowers of ''Centropogon'', ''Passiflora'', ''Costus'', etc. To a lesser degree, they will capture small arthropods. The long, decurved bills typical of most members of this group of hummingbirds are an adaptation to certain flowers. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Phaethornis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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