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Pharology
Pharology is the scientific study of lighthouses and signal lights, their construction and illumination. The variation ''pharonology'' is occasionally attested. Those who study or are enthused by lighthouses are known as pharologists.
== Origin of term ==
The term originally began as pharonology and is prevalent in many 1840s papers on the study of lighthouses. The term stems from the classical Latin or its ancient Greek etymon ''Pharos'', meaning lighthouse (Pharos was also the proper name of the famed lighthouse of Alexandria) and the Latin root, "logos" (a word or discourse) in John Purdy's ''The Colombian Navigator; Or, Sailing Directory for the American Coasts and the West-Indies''. It was again used in Purdy's ''The New Sailing Directory for the Strait of Gibraltar and the Western Division of the Mediterranean Sea: Comprehending the Coasts of Spain, France, and Italy, from Cape Trafalgar to Cape Spartivento, the Balearic Isles, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily and the Maltese Islands, with the African Coast, from Tangier to Tripoli, Inclusive ... Improved, by Considerable Additions, to the Present Times''. The term's usage was recognized in ''The Nautical Magazine: A Journal of Papers on Subjects Connected with Maritime Affairs, Volume 13'' as "bestowing a passing notice... which has for some time cut a figure, sublime or ridiculous, in our books of sailing directions".
The term, pharology, first appeared in the Transactions of the Royal Society of Arts of London in 1847 and credited its coinage as "being first introduced by the late Mr () Purdy".〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Pharology )〕 ''A description and list of the lighthouses of the world, 1861'' also makes the same claim noting that the term is used to describe the study of modern lighthouses from the 1800s. The term also comes from ''Pharos''.〔"(pharology )" ''The Oxford English Dictionary'', 2nd ed., 1989, ''OED Online'', Oxford University Press, (subscription needed) 1 Jan. 2010.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Light fantastic - Patrick Barkham sheds light on Pharology )〕
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