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Phason
Phason is a quasiparticle existing in quasicrystals due to their specific, quasiperiodic lattice structure. Similar to phonon, phason is associated with atomic motion. However, whereas phonons are related to ''translation'' of atoms, phasons are associated with atomic ''rearrangements''. As a result of these rearrangements, waves, describing the position of atoms in crystal, change phase, thus the term "phason".
The hydrodynamic theory of the quasicrystals predicts that the conventional (phonon) strain relaxes rapidly. On the contrary, relaxation of the phason strain is diffusive and is much slower.〔"Hydrodynamics of icosahedral quasicrystals" (Phys. Rev. B 32, 7444–7452 (1985) )〕 Therefore, metastable quasicrystals grown by rapid quenching from the melt exhibit built-in phason strain〔"Icosahedral clusters, icosaheral order and stability of quasicrystals—a view of metallurgy" (Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. 9 No 1 (2008) 013008 ): ''free-download review''〕 associated with shifts and broadenings of X-ray and electron diffraction peaks.〔"Distortion and Peak Broadening in Diffraction Patterns" (Phys. Rev. Lett. 57, 1440–1443 (1986) )〕
==References==
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