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Tapinocephalus
''Tapinocephalus'' ("humble head") is a genus of large herbivorous dinocephalian that lived during the Middle Permian Period. These stocky, barrel-bodied animals were characterised by a massive bony skull roof and short weak snout. It is thought that, like the rest of the members of its family, the animals engaged in head-butting intraspecific behavior, possibly for territory or mates.
The fossil remains (skull and postcranial elements) of ''Tapinocephalus'' are known from the Lower, Middle, and Upper part of the ''Tapinocephalus'' Assemblage Zone ( Capitanian age) of the Lower Beaufort Beds of the South African Karoo. Only the type species, ''T. atherstonei'' is now considered valid for this genus.
In life, these animals were over in length and massed around , making them among the largest animals of their time.
==Classification==
''Tapinocephalus atherstonei'' is known from a number of skulls and postcranial bones. The skull is large with a heavily pachyostotic skull roof, a massive bony frontals and a short weak ''Moschops''-like snout.'' Taurops'' is a synonym. ''Phocosaurus megischion '' is another synonym differing only in that the transition from the frontals to the snout is not abrupt.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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