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Phosphorene
Phosphorene is a two-dimensional single-layer material consisting of a phosphorus allotrope - black phosphorus. It is a natural semiconductor where electron flow can be switched “on” and “off” due to a non-zero fundamental band gap. Its two-dimensional structure makes it conceptually similar to the carbon-based graphene, hence the name phosphorene. Phosphorene is predicted to be a strong competitor to graphene because of phosphorene’s semiconducting properties absent in graphene, and with silicene (also a semiconductor) as silicene tends to self-destruct upon peeling layers of it off while phosphorene does not. Phosphorene was first isolated in 2014 by mechanical exfoliation.
== History ==
Phosphorus was first discovered in 1669 by Hennig Brand, however, it has not attracted significant attention for almost a decade because of its strong toxicity and structural instability. Subsequently, in 1960s black phosphorus, a layered allotrope of phosphorus, was produced, which exhibited a high carrier mobility. In 2014, Ye group〔 introduces the single-layer phosphorene, a monolayer of black phosphorus. It has since then attracted renewed attention because of its potential in optoelectronics and electronics due to its bandgap property, which can be tuned via modifying its thickness, anisotropic photoelectronic properties and its high carrier mobility.〔 Phosphorene was initially prepared using mechanical cleavage, a commonly used technique in graphene production that is difficult to scale up. However, liquid exfoliation is a promising method for scalable phosphorene production.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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