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| Photoclinometry ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Photoclinometry
Photoclinometry, or shape-from-shading, is the process by which a 2-dimensional image of a surface is transformed into a surface map that represents different levels of elevation. It uses the shadows and light direction as reference points. It is used mostly to depict the surface of sculptures, to give an idea of how it would look in 3-dimensions. The techniques depend on very specific conditions, especially light direction.
==The process==
When light bounces off an object, it reflects with location-specific brightness that depends on the shape of the object and the position of the lightning source. This reflection map can be used to create a bump map of a surface, which uses grayscale levels to depict the height of a point on a surface. Knowing the direction and angle of the light source, one can calculate the approximate height that a point has. However, the light direction and angle is usually unknown, which leads to poor quality images, or having to create multiple bump maps, each time trying different settings.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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