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Phyllanthaceae is a family of flowering plants in the eudicot order Malpighiales. It is most closely related to the family Picrodendraceae.〔Kenneth J. Wurdack and Charles C. Davis. 2009. "Malpighiales phylogenetics: Gaining ground on one of the most recalcitrant clades in the angiosperm tree of life." ''American Journal of Botany'' 96(8):1551-1570. (see ''External links'' below)〕 The Phyllanthaceae are most numerous in the tropics, with many in the south temperate zone, and a few ranging as far north as the middle of the north temperate zone.〔Petra Hoffman. 2007. "Phyllanthaceae" pages 250-252. In: Vernon H. Heywood, Richard K. Brummitt, Ole Seberg, and Alastair Culham. ''Flowering Plant Families of the World.'' Firefly Books: Ontario, Canada. ISBN 978-1-55407-206-4.〕 Some species of ''Andrachne'', ''Antidesma'', ''Margaritaria'', and ''Phyllanthus'' are in cultivation.〔Anthony J. Huxley, Mark Griffiths, and Margot Levy (editors). 1992. ''The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening.'' The Macmillan Press Limited, London; The Stockton Press, New York. ISBN 978-0-333-47494-5 (set)〕 A few species of ''Antidesma'', ''Baccaurea'', ''Phyllanthus'', and ''Uapaca'' provide edible fruit.〔 Phyllanthaceae comprises about 2000 species. Depending on the author, these are grouped into 54 to 60 genera. Some of the genera are poorly defined, and the number of genera in the family is likely to change as the classification is further refined. The genus ''Phyllanthus'', one of the largest genera of flowering plants, with over 1200 species, has more than half of the species in the family. Some of the genera have recently been sunk into others, while other genera have recently been divided.〔Kanchana Pruesapan, Ian R.H. Telford, Jeremy J. Bruhl, Stefano G.A. Draisma, and Peter C. Van Welzen. 2008. "Delimitation of ''Sauropus'' (Phyllanthaceae) Based on Plastid matK and Nuclear Ribosomal ITS DNA Sequence Data." ''Annals of Botany'' 102(6):1007-1018. (see ''External links'' below)〕 The largest genera and the approximate number of species in each are: ''Phyllanthus'' (1270), ''Cleistanthus'' (140), ''Antidesma'' (100), ''Aporosa'' (90), ''Uapaca'' (60), ''Baccaurea'' (50), and ''Bridelia'' (50).〔"Phyllanthaceae" In: Peter F. Stevens (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. In: Missouri Botanical Garden Website. (see external links below)〕 Since Phyllanthaceae was revised in 2006, one paper has removed ''Heterosavia'' from ''Savia''. Another has separated ''Notoleptopus'' from ''Leptopus'', and segregated ''Pseudophyllanthus'' and ''Phyllanthopsis'' from ''Andrachne''. Also, ''Oreoporanthera'' has been subsumed into ''Poranthera'', while Zimmermannia and Zimmermanniopsis have been sunk into ''Meineckia''. The large genus ''Cleistanthus'' is known to be polyphyletic, but further studies will be needed before it can be revised.〔 == Genera == The list of 54 genera below is from the 2006 revision of Phyllanthaceae by Petra Hoffmann and co-workers. In their treatment, ''Blotia'' and ''Petalodiscus'' were sunk into ''Wielandia'' and ''Richeriella'' into ''Flueggea'', while ''Breynia'', ''Glochidion'', ''Reverchonia'', and ''Sauropus'' were subsumed into ''Phyllanthus''. Genera previously considered as the tribe Drypeteae are now placed in the separate family Putranjivaceae. For older changes in the circumscription of genera, see the synonymy at Taxonomy of the Phyllanthaceae. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Phyllanthaceae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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