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Pilumnoidea is a superfamily of crabs, whose members were previously included in the Xanthoidea. The three families are unified by the free articulation of all the segments of the male crab's abdomen and by the form of the gonopods.〔 The earliest fossils assigned to this group are of Eocene age. ==Classification== Pilumnidae is by far the largest of the three families, with 73 of the 78 genera:〔 ;Pilumnidae Samouelle, 1819 * Subfamily Calmaniinae Števčić, 1991 * * ''Calmania'' Laurie, 1906 * Subfamily Pilumninae Samouelle, 1819 * * ''Actumnus'' Dana, 1851 * * ''Aniptumnus'' Ng, 2002 * * ''Bathypilumnus'' Ng & L. W. H. Tan, 1984 * * ''Benthopanope'' Davie, 1989 * * ''Budapanopeus'' † Müller & Collins, 1991 * * ''Cryptopilumnus'' Hsueh, Huang & Ng, 2009 * * ''Danielum'' Vázquez-Bader & Gracia, 1995 * * ''Eohalimede'' † Blow & Manning, 1996 * * ''Eopilumnus'' † Beschin ''et al.'', 2002 * * ''Eumorphactaea'' † Bittner, 1875 * * ''Eurycarcinus'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1867 * * ''Galenopsis'' † A. Milne-Edwards, 1865 * * ''Glabropilumnus'' Balss, 1932 * * ''Gorgonariana'' Galil & Takeda, 1988 * * ''Heteropanope'' Stimpson, 1858 * * ''Heteropilumnus'' De Man, 1895 * * ''Latopilumnus'' Türkay & Schuhmacher, 1985 * * ''Lentilumnus'' Galil & Takeda, 1988 * * ''Lobogalenopsis'' † Müller & Collins, 1991 * * ''Lobopilumnus'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 * * ''Lophopilumnus'' Miers, 1886 * * ''Nanopilumnus'' Takeda, 1974 * * ''Neoactumnus'' T. Sakai, 1965 * * ''Parapleurophrycoides'' Nobili, 1906 * * ''Pilumnopeus'' A. Milne-Edwards, 1867 * * ''Pilumnus'' Leach, 1816 * * ''Priapipilumnus'' Davie, 1989 * * ''Pseudactumnus'' Balss, 1933 * * ''Serenepilumnus'' Türkay & Schuhmacher, 1985 * * ''Serenolumnus'' Galil & Takeda, 1988 * * ''Takedana'' Davie, 1989 * * ''Viaderiana'' Ward, 1942 * * ''Xestopilumnus'' Ng & Dai, 1997 * * ''Xlumnus'' Galil & Takeda, 1988 * Subfamily Eumedoninae Dana, 1853 * * ''Ceratocarcinus'' Adams & White ''in'' White, 1847 * * ''Echinoecus'' Rathbun, 1894 * * ''Eumedonus'' H. Milne Edwards, 1837 * * ''Gonatonotus'' Adams & White, in White, 1847 * * ''Hapalonotus'' Rathbun, 1897 * * ''Harrovia'' Adams & White, 1849 * * ''Permanotus'' D. G. B. Chia & Ng, 1998 * * ''Rhabdonotus'' Milne-Edwards, 1879 * * ''Santeella'' † Blow & Manning, 1996 * * ''Tauropus'' D. G. B. Chia & Ng, 1998 * * ''Tiaramedon'' D. G. B. Chia & Ng, 1998 * * ''Viacarcinus'' † Blow & Manning, 1996 * * ''Zebrida'' White, 1847 * * ''Zebridonus'' D. G. B. Chia, Ng & Castro, 1995 * Subfamily Rhizopinae Stimpson, 1858 * * ''Caecopilumnus'' Borradaile, 1902 * * ''Camptoplax'' Miers, 1884 * * ''Ceratoplax'' Stimpson, 1858 * * ''Cryptocoeloma'' Miers, 1884 * * ''Cryptolutea'' Ward, 1936 * * ''Itampolus'' Serène & Peyrot-Clausade, 1977 * * ''Lophoplax'' Tesch, 1918 * * ''Luteocarcinus'' Ng, 1990 * * ''Mertonia'' Laurie, 1906 * * ''Paranotonyx'' Nobili, 1905 * * ''Paraselwynia'' Tesch, 1918 * * ''Peleianus'' Serène, 1971 * * ''Pronotonyx'' Ward, 1936 * * ''Rhizopa'' Stimpson, 1858 * * ''Pseudocryptocoeloma'' Ward, 1936 * * ''Pseudolitochira'' Ward, 1942 * * ''Rhizopoides'' Ng, 1987 * * ''Ser'' Rathbun, 1931 * * ''Typhlocarcinops'' Rathbun, 1909 * * ''Typhlocarcinus'' Stimpson, 1858 * * ''Zehntneria'' Takeda, 1972 * Subfamily Xenopthalmodinae Števčić, 2005 * * ''Arges'' † De Haan, 1835 * * ''Xenopthalmodes'' Richters, 1880 ;Galenidae Alcock, 1898 * ''Dentoxanthus'' Stephensen, 1946 * ''Galene'' De Haan, 1833 * ''Halimede'' De Haan, 1835 * ''Parapanope'' De Man, 1895 ;Tanaocheleidae Ng & P. F. Clark, 2000 * ''Tanaocheles'' Kropp, 1984 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pilumnoidea」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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