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Pitchfork
A pitchfork is an agricultural tool with a long handle and long, thick, widely separated pointed tines (also called prongs) used to lift and pitch (throw) loose material, such as hay, straw or leaves. Pitchforks typically have only two, three or four tines while dung forks have four or five, other types of fork even up to ten tines with different lengths and spacing depending on purpose. They are usually made of steel with a long wooden handle, but may also be made from wood, wrought iron, bamboo, alloy, etc. In some parts of England a pitchfork is known as a ''prong''〔Copper, Bob, ''A Song for Every Season: a hundred years of a Sussex farming family''. London: Heinemann, 1971; p. 112〕 and, in parts of Ireland, a ''sprong'' refers to a 4-pronged pitchfork.〔Joyce, P. W. ''English as We Speak it in Ireland'', p. 832. Talbot Press - via Google Books, 1920.〕 The pitchfork is similar to the shorter and sturdier garden fork.
Pitchforks and scythes have frequently been used as weapons by those who couldn't afford or didn't have access to more expensive weapons such as swords, or, later, guns. As a result, pitchforks and scythes are stereotypically carried by angry mobs or gangs of enraged peasants.
In Europe, the pitchfork was first used in the early Middle Ages, at about the same time as the harrow. The pitchfork was originally made entirely of wood; today, the tines are usually made of hard metal.
==Symbolism, literary and artistic references==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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