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Plionarctos
''Plionarctos'' is an extinct genus of mammals of the family Ursidae (bears) endemic to North America and Europe during Miocene through Pleistocene, living from ~10.3—3.3 Mya, existing for about 7 million years. ''Indarctos'' (10.7—9.2 Mya) preceded ''Plionarctos'' by only a few thousand years and was a contemporary of that bear and shared its habitat. ''Plionarctus'' preceded and was also contemporary with ''Tremarctos floridanus'' (4.9 million — 11,000 years ago) and shared its habitat. ''Plionarctos'' is the oldest known genus within the subfamily of the short-faced bears (Tremarctinae) endemic to the Americas, and is believed to be ancestral to the clade. ==Taxonomy== ''Plionarctos'' was named by Frick (1926). Its type is ''Plionarctos edensis''. It was assigned to Ursidae by Frick (1926) and Carroll (1988); and to Tremarctini by Hunt (1998).〔R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. W. H. Freeman and Company, New York 1-698〕
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