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''Polynucleobacter'' is a genus of Proteobacteria, originally established by Heckmann and Schmidt (1987) 〔Heckmann, K. and H. J. Schmidt (1987) ''Polynucleobacter necessarius'' gen. nov., sp. nov., an obligately endosymbiotic bacterium living in the cytoplasm of ''Euplotes aediculatus''. (Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 37:456-457. ) (doi: 10.1099/00207713-37-4-456)〕 to exclusively harbor obligate endosymbionts of ciliates belonging to the genus ''Euplotes''. Recently, four new ''Polynucleobacter'' species were described,〔Hahn, M.W., E. Lang, U. Brandt, H. Lünsdorf, Q. L. Wu, and E. Stackebrandt (2010) ''Polynucleobacter cosmopolitanus'' sp. nov., free-living planktonic bacteria inhabiting freshwater lakes and rivers. (Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 60:166-173. ) (doi:10.1099/ijs.0.010595-0)〕〔Hahn, M.W., E. Lang, U. Brandt, and C. Spröer (2011) ''Polynucleobacter acidiphobus'' sp. nov., a representative of an abundant group of planktonic freshwater bacteria. (Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61:788-794. ) (doi:10.1099/ijs.0.023929-0)〕〔Hahn, M.W., E. Lang, M. Tarao, and U. Brandt (2011) ''Polynucleobacter rarus'' sp. nov., a free-living planktonic bacterium isolated from an acidic lake. (Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61:781-787 ) (doi:10.1099/ijs.0.017350-0)〕〔Hahn,M.W., A. Minasyan, E. Lang, U. Koll, and C. Spröer (2012) ''Polynucleobacter difficili''s sp. nov., a planktonic freshwater bacterium affiliated with subclustr B1 of the genus ''Polynucleobacter''. (Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 62:376-383. ) (doi:10.1099/ijs.0.031393-0)〕 which all represent free-living (i.e. not host-associated) planktonic freshwater bacteria. Furthermore, the first described species covers both obligate endosymbionts and free-living planktonic strains.〔Hahn,M.W., E. Lang, U. Brandt, Q. L. Wu, and T. Scheuerl (2009) Emended description of the genus ''Polynucleobacter'' and the species ''Polynucleobacter necessarius'' and proposal of two subspecies, ''P. necessarius'' subsp. ''necessarius'' subsp. nov. and ''P. necessarius'' subsp. ''asymbioticus'' subsp. nov. (Int. J Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 59:2002-2009. ) (doi:10.1099/ijs.0.005801-0)〕 Free-living ''Poynucleobacter'' bacteria represent important members of bacterioplankton in freshwater systems such as lakes, ponds, and streams. ==Genomics== Two genome projects are finished on ''P. necessarius'' strains: one project on an obligately freeliving strain isolated from an acidic freshwater pond,〔(GOLD CARD: Gc00537 ) Genome project: ''Polynucleobacter necessarius'' subsp. ''asymbioticus'' QLW-P1DMWA-1, GOLD - Genomes OnLine Database〕 and one project on an obligate endosymbiont of the ciliate ''Euplotes aediculatus'' 〔(GOLD CARD: Gc00757 ) Genome project: ''Polynucleobacter necessarius'' subsp. ''necessarius'' STIR1, GOLD - Genomes OnLine Database〕 Analyses of the genome sequences resulted in the discovery of a conserved RNA motif. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Polynucleobacter」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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