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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Polyoxometalate ： ウィキペディア英語版 Polyoxometalate In chemistry, a polyoxometalate (abbreviated POM) is a polyatomic ion, usually an anion, that consists of three or more transition metal oxyanions linked together by shared oxygen atoms to form a large, closed 3-dimensional framework. The metal atoms are usually group 5 or group 6 transition metals in their high oxidation states. In this state, their electron configuration is d0 or d1. Examples include vanadium(V), niobium(V), tantalum(V), molybdenum(VI), and tungsten(VI). The framework of transition metal oxyanions may enclose one or more ''hetero atoms'' such as phosphorus or silicon, themselves sharing neighbouring oxygen atoms with the framework. For example, the phosphotungstate anion ()3− consists of a framework of twelve octahedral tungsten oxyanions surrounding a central phosphate group. ==History== The first example of a polyoxometalate compound was ammonium phosphomolybdate, containing the ()3− anion, discovered in 1826.〔''From Scheele and Berzelius to Müller: polyoxometalates (POMs) revisited and the "missing link" between the bottom up and top down approaches'' P. Gouzerh, M. Che; L’Actualité Chimique, 2006, 298, 9〕 This anion has the same structure as the phosphotungstate anion, whose structure was determined in 1934. This structure is called the Keggin structure after its discoverer.〔''The Structure and Formula of 12-Phosphotungstic Acid'' J.F. Keggin. Proc. Roy. Soc., A, 144, 851, 75-100 (1934) 〕 Following this discovery, other fundamental structures such as the Wells-Dawson ion were found, and their chemistry and applications as catalysts were determined. Polyoxomolybdates include the wheel-shaped molybdenum blue anions and spherical keplerates. Numerous hybrid organic/inorganic materials that contain POM cores,〔Y.-F. Song, D.-L. Long, and L. Cronin, ''Non covalently connected frameworks with nanoscale channels assembled from a tethered polyoxometalate- pyrene hybrid'', Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2007, 46, 3900-3904 .〕〔''A novel 3D organic–inorganic hybrid based on sandwich-type cadmium hetereopolymolybdate: () Cd()2 ()2·3H2O'', Hong-Xu Guo and Shi-Xiong Liu Inorganic Chemistry Communications 7, 11, (2004), 1217 〕 new potential applications based on unusual magnetic〔''Classical and Quantum Magnetism in Giant Keplerate Magnetic Molecules'' Achim Müller, Marshall Luban, Robert Modler, Paul Kögerler, Maria Axenovich, Jürgen Schnack, Paul Canfield, Sergey Bud'ko, Neil Harrison. ChemPhysChem 2001, 2, 517.〕 and optical〔''Field-dependent magnetic parameters in Ni4Mo12: Magnetostriction at the molecular level?'' Jürgen Schnack, Mirko Brüger, Marshall Luban, Paul Kögerler, Emilia Morosan, Ronald Fuchs, Robert Modler, Hiroyuki Nojiri, Ram C. Rai, Jinbo Cao, Janice L. Musfeldt, Xing Wei. Phys. Rev. B 2006, 73, 094401.〕 properties of some POMs, and potential medical applications such anti-tumor and anti-viral uses. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Polyoxometalate」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.