|
|common_name = Portugal |image_flag = Flag of Portugal.svg |image_coat = Coat of arms of Portugal.svg |Motto = "Esta é a ditosa pátria, minha amada" |national_anthem = |image_map = EU-Portugal with islands circled.svg |map_caption = |capital = Lisbon |latd=38 |latm=46 |latNS=N |longd=9 |longm=9 |longEW=W |largest_city = capital |official_languages = Portuguese |regional_languages = Mirandesea |foreign = Ukrainian, Romanian, Moldovan, Cape Verdean Creole, among others. |ethnic_groups = |ethnic_groups_year = 2011 |religion = Roman Catholic Church (predominant) |demonym = Portuguese |government_type = |leader_title1 = President |leader_name1 = Aníbal Cavaco Silva |leader_title2 = Prime Minister |leader_name2 = António Costa |legislature = Assembly of the Republic |sovereignty_type = Formation |sovereignty_note = |established_event1 = Foundation |established_date1 = 868 |established_event2 = Re-founding |established_date2 = 1095 |established_event3 = Sovereignty |established_date3 = 24 June 1128 |established_event4 = Kingdom |established_date4 = 26 July 1139 |established_event5 = Recognized |established_date5 = 5 October 1143 |established_event6 = Papal recognition |established_date6 = 23 May 1179 |established_event7 = Restored |established_date7 = 1 December 1640 |established_event8 = Republic |established_date8 = 5 October 1910 |established_event9 = Redemocratization |established_date9 = 25 April 1974 |established_event10 = Present Constitutionc |established_date10 = 25 April 1976 |established_event11 = |established_date11 = 1 January 1986 |area_rank = 111th |area_magnitude = 1 E10 |area = |area_km2 = 92,212〔 (Público, "Portugal tem 92.212 quilómetros quadrados, por enquanto..." ). Accessed on 2 July 2012. 〕 |area_sq_mi = 35,603 |percent_water = 0.5 |population_estimate = 10,427,301〔 (). Accessed on 17 June 2014.〕 |population_estimate_rank = 83rd |population_estimate_year = 2014 |population_census = 10,562,178〔 (Portugal. Censos 2011 ) (ine.pt)〕 |population_census_year = 2011 |population_density_km2 = 115 |population_density_sq_mi = 298 |population_density_rank = 97th |GDP_PPP = |GDP_PPP_rank = 53rd |GDP_PPP_year = 2014 |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $27,069〔 |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 43rd |GDP_nominal = |GDP_nominal_rank = 45th |GDP_nominal_year = 2014 |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $22,123〔 |GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 36th |Gini_year = 2011 |Gini_change = |Gini = 34.2 |Gini_ref = 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12 )〕 |Gini_rank = |HDI_year = 2013 |HDI_change = steady |HDI = 0.822 |HDI_ref = |HDI_rank = 41st |currency = Euro (€)b |currency_code = EUR |time_zone = Europe/Lisbon and Atlantic/Madeira (WET) in Mainland Portugal and Madeira; Atlantic/Azores in the Azores. |utc_offset = +0 / -1 |time_zone_DST = WEST (mainland Portugal and Madeira) and Azores Summer Time |utc_offset_DST = +1 / +0 |DST_note = Note that the Azores are in a different time zone. |antipodes = New Zealand and Pacific Ocean |date_format = |drives_on = right |calling_code = +351 |emergency_telephone_number = 112 |iso3166code = |cctld = .pt |footnote_a = Mirandese, spoken in some villages of the municipality of Miranda do Douro, was officially recognized in 1999 (''Lei n.° 7/99 de 29 de Janeiro''), awarding it an official right-of-use. Portuguese Sign Language is also recognized. |footnote_b = Before 2002, the escudo. |footnote_c = Portuguese Constitution adopted in 1976 with several subsequent minor revisions, between 1982 and 2005. }} Portugal (; ), officially the Portuguese Republic ((ポルトガル語:República Portuguesa)), is a country on the Iberian Peninsula, in southwestern Europe. It is the westernmost country of mainland Europe, being bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east. The Portugal-Spain border is 1,214 km (754 mi) long and considered the longest uninterrupted border within the European Union. The republic also holds sovereignty over the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira, both autonomous regions with their own regional governments. The land within the borders of current Portugal has been continuously settled and fought over since prehistoric times. The Celts and the Romans were followed by the Visigothic and the Suebi Germanic peoples, who were themselves later invaded by the Moors. These Muslim peoples were eventually expelled during the Christian ''Reconquista'' of the peninsula. By 1139, Portugal had established itself as a kingdom independent from León.〔Brian Jenkins, Spyros A. Sofos, (''Nation and identity in contemporary Europe'' ), p. 145, Routledge, 1996, ISBN 0-415-12313-5〕 In the 15th and 16th centuries, as the result of pioneering the Age of Discovery, Portugal expanded Western influence and established the first global empire,〔Melvin Eugene Page, Penny M. Sonnenburg, p. 481〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=First global empire )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=What was the Portuguese Empire? )〕 becoming one of the world's major economic, political and military powers. Portugal lost much of its wealth and status with the destruction of Lisbon in a 1755 earthquake, occupation during the Napoleonic Wars, and the independence of Brazil, its wealthiest colony, in 1822.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The World Factbook )〕 After the 1910 revolution deposed the monarchy, the democratic but unstable Portuguese First Republic was established, later being superseded by the "Estado Novo" right-wing authoritarian regime. Democracy was restored after the Portuguese Colonial War and the Carnation Revolution in 1974. Shortly after, independence was granted to all its colonies, with the exception of Macau, which was handed over to China in 1999.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=ASIANOW - Macau's handover to China ends Portuguese era - December 17, 1999 )〕 This marked the end of the longest-lived European colonial empire, leaving a profound cultural and architectural influence across the globe and a legacy of over 250 million Portuguese speakers today. Portugal maintains a unitary semi-presidential republican form of government and is a developed country with an advanced economy, and very high living standards,〔(2014 Global Report ). (Europe 2014)〕〔() Deloitte Social Progress 2015〕〔() Numbeo QOLR〕 having the 18th highest Social Progress in the world, putting it ahead of other western European countries like France, Spain and Italy. It is a member of numerous international organizations, including the United Nations, the European Union, the Eurozone, OECD, NATO and the Community of Portuguese Language Countries. Portugal is also known for having fully decriminalized the usage of all drugs in 2001, the first country in the world to do so. == History == (詳細はウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Portugal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|