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PostNord AB is the name of the holding company of the two merged postal companies Posten AB and Post Danmark that were officially merged on 24 June 2009.〔 The name of the group was changed 17 May 2011 from Posten Norden to PostNord. President and CEO is Håkan Ericsson and Jens Moberg is the chairman. The former president and CEO, Lars Idermark, resigned in December 2012 to take up the same positions in the forest group Södra. The former chairman, Fritz Schur, left in April 2013. The Swedish state is the majority share holder with 60% and the remaining 40% is held by the Danish state. Voting rights are shared equally (50/50).〔 ==History== Post farmers and mail carriers People have been sending information, letters and goods to one another for thousands of years. Couriers have travelled the length and breadth of countries on behest of their masters; messages have been relayed and have successfully reached the intended recipients. The dispatch of mail has been more or less organized throughout history, achieving a more stable form in the Nordic countries during the early 17th century. The following is a Danish-Swedish perspective of the way in which the infrastructure for the delivery of mail and goods has developed over time. Christian IV’s “Forordning om Post-Budde” (Mail Carrier Decree) was enacted in December 1624. Nine Danish postal routes were established, of which the route to Hamburg was the most important. Twelve years later the Swedish council of state approved the ”Förordning om Postbådhen” (Mail Carrier Ordinance). This was the beginning of formal postal services in both countries. In Sweden, a system of post farmers was established. The designated farmers were located 20 to 30 kilometres from one another along the postal routes. Farmhands were required to be prepared to “carry mail items by night and day”, at a rate not exceeding two hours per 10 kilometres. The rate was changed in 1682 to a maximum of one hour and 15 minutes per 10 kilometres if road conditions were good. From 1694 Danish mail carriers were allowed a maximum of 45 minutes per 10 kilometres, but they had horses to ride. Well into the 20th century, mail carriers and rural postmen on local routes transported the post on foot. But post was transported by coach between Copenhagen and Hamburg beginning in 1624, and a 1646 Swedish ordinance stipulated that horses must always be provided on the Stockholm – Halmstad route. Before postal service in Sweden took shape, the governor of the Stockholm – Markaryd route was required to make two post horses available for each 30 kilometres. Letters, parcels and even passengers could be transported with horse and carriage, though this took more time than the mounted postmen carrying only letters. Around the year 1800, the Danish postal service purchased its first mail coach. Sweden’s less successful attempt with mail coach service was well underway by 1831. These mail coaches also carried passengers and continued to operate in Denmark into the 20th century. The horse-drawn mail coach disappeared from Sweden in 1888. In 1894, Danish rural postmen were granted permission to use bicycles. Bicycles were also used in Sweden during the late 1800s, though without formal permission to do so in most cases. Records from around 1910 show that some routes were serviced with velocipedes (bicycles) during the summer. Today, 60-70 per cent of letters in Denmark are delivered by cycling mail carriers. This means that Danish mail carriers cycle a total of 15 million kilometres per year. Cross border Sweden established a permanent post office in Hamburg in 1620. Dutchman Leonard van Sorgen was assigned the task of arranging postal service from Sweden to Hamburg He pointed out at an early stage that the Swedish king should obtain permission from the Danish king to transport post through Denmark. However, Gustav II Adolf of Sweden was of the opinion that the agreement made in 1580 (allowing the kings’ messengers and subjects freedom of movement in each other’s countries) was sufficient and that no new agreement was required. Christian IV of Denmark was displeased that the issue was not taken up at the highest level, and Swedish mail carriers encountered problems transporting mail through Denmark. This induced Anders Svensson, who had taken over postal service responsibility, to send his servant “in such a way that not many travel”, by which means he managed to deliver a letter to Markaryd, then located on the Danish border. Essentially, the Swedish postal service was in conflict with Danish authorities during the entire 17th century and well into the 18th century. War made way for peace and an agreement on free passage, which was later revoked as new wars broke out. Sweden tried other routes such as sending mail north, around Bottenviken and then down through Finland – extremely time-consuming. Mail was also sent by boat to Germany and Holland for forwarding. In the late 17th century, Sweden stopped the Danish post from travelling to Norway through the Swedish region of Halland. The Danes sent and received mail by boat between Fladstrand and Norway, though ice was often an obstacle during the winter months. It wasn’t until 1735 that postal peace was attained through an agreement granting Sweden and Denmark reciprocal rights to transport their post through each other’s countries. Denmark and Norway were separated in 1814, after which there was no need for Danish postmen to travel through Sweden. In an agreement signed the same year, the Danish postal service received payment to assume the duty of transporting Swedish post through Denmark – a solution that, broadly speaking, is used to regulate mail delivery in all European countries today. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「PostNord」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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