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Crakow (shoe)
Crakows or crackowes were a style of shoes with extremely long toes very popular in the 15th century. They were so named because the style was thought to have originated in Kraków, then the capital of Poland. The term Poulaine, as in ''souliers a la poulaine'', "Shoes in the Polish fashion", referred to the long pointed beak of the shoe, not the shoe itself.〔Carlson, I. Marc. 2001, (carlson/shoe/APP5.HTM "Medieval European Long Toed Shoes" ), "Footwear of The Middle Ages", 2001〕
==History==
Long toed shoes had been popular in Europe at different times, first appearing in the archaeological record in the 12th century and falling in and out of fashion periodically before reaching their most exaggerated form in the third quarter of the 15th century and falling out of fashion in the 1480s.〔Goubitz, Olaf; van Driel-Murray, Carol; Groenman-Van Waateringe, Willy. 2001 "Stepping through time : archaeological footwear from prehistoric times until 1800": Zwolle () : Stichting Promotie Archeologie〕〔Grew, F. and de Neergaard, M. 1988. ''Shoes and Pattens. Medieval Finds from Excavations in London'': 2. London: HMSO, pp. 88–9.〕
14th century poulaine-toed shoes found in London were found only in men's sizes,〔 but 15th century art shows them being worn by both men and women, with the toes of men's shoes being the most extravagantly long.
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