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Premillennialism
Premillennialism, in Christian eschatology, is the belief that Jesus will physically return to the earth before the Millennium, a literal thousand-year golden age of peace. This return is referred to as the Second Coming. The doctrine is called "premillennialism" because it holds that Jesus' physical return to earth will occur prior to the inauguration of the Millennium. It is distinct from the other forms of Christian eschatology such as postmillennialism or amillennialism, which view the millennial rule as occurring either before the second coming, or as being figurative and non-temporal. For the last century, the belief has been common in Evangelicalism according to surveys on this topic.〔Survey -Premillennialism Reigns in EvangelicalTheology (Survey )〕
Premillennialism is based upon a literal interpretation of in the New Testament, which describes Jesus' coming to the earth and subsequent reign at the end of an apocalyptic period of tribulation. It views this future age as a time of fulfillment for the prophetic hope of God's people as given in the Old Testament. Others such as the Eastern Orthodox claim that this passage of Revelation describes the present time, when Christ reigns in Heaven with the departed saints; such an interpretation views the symbolism of Revelation as referring to a spiritual battle rather than a physical battle on earth.
The proponents of Amillennialism interpret the millennium as being a symbolic period of time, which is consistent with the highly symbolic nature of the literary and apocalyptic genre of the book of Revelation, sometimes indicating that the thousand years represent God's rule over his creation or the Church. Premillennialism is often used to refer specifically to those who adhere to the beliefs in an earthly millennial reign of Christ as well as a rapture of the faithful coming before (dispensational) or after (historic) the tribulation preceding the millennium. Post-millennialism, for example, agrees with premillennialism about the future earthly reign of Christ, but disagrees on the concept of a rapture and tribulation before the millennium begins. Postmillennialists hold to the view that the second coming will happen after the millennium.
==Terminology==
Historically Christian "premillennialism" has also been referred to as "chiliasm" (from ''chilias'', the Greek word for thousand) or "millenarianism". The current religious term "premillennialism" did not come into use until the mid-19th century. This period in which "premillennialism" was revived coincided with an approach to Biblical study that divorced eschatological textual interpretation from an historic context, e.g., an ahistoric hermeneutic where Revelations being written to specific churches suffering persecution in an historic context around the fall of the temple in 70 A.D. was of no consequence to interpretation; likewise in interpreting Daniel, or the writings of St. Paul. Coining the word was "almost entirely the work of British and American Protestants and was prompted by their belief that the French and American Revolutions (the French, especially) realized prophecies made in the books of Daniel and Revelation."〔Robert K. Whalen, “Premillennialism” in ''The Encyclopedia of Millennialism and Millennial Movements,'' Ed. Richard A. Landes (New York: Routledge, 2000), 331.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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