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Pretender
A pretender is one who claims entitlement to an unavailable position of honour or rank. Most often it refers to a former monarch, or descendant thereof, whose throne is occupied or claimed by a rival, or has been abolished.〔Valynseele, Joseph. ''Les Prétendants aux trônes d'Europe.'' Paris, 1967, p. 11 (French).〕〔Curley, Jr., Walter J.P. Monarchs-in-Waiting. New York, 1973, pp. 4-6, 10. ISBN 0-396-06840-5.〕
Although "claimant" is sometimes preferred, the term in itself is not pejorative. The original meaning of the English word ''pretend'', from the French word ''prétendre'' (from the Latin ''praetendo'' lit. "to stretch out before"〔Cassell's Latin Dictionary, ed. Marchant & Charles〕) means "to put forward, to profess or claim"; this predates today's more common English meaning of "pretend", which is to claim falsely.
The term "pretender" applies not only to claimants with arguably genuine rights to the throne (as the various pretenders of the Wars of the Roses) who regarded the ''de facto'' monarch as a usurper (and, indeed, even those possessing such rights to a position who do ''not'' actively claim it), but also to impostors with wholly fabricated claims (as pretenders to Henry VII's throne Lambert Simnel and Perkin Warbeck). People in the latter category often assume the identities of deceased or missing royalty, and are sometimes referred to for clarity as false pretenders or royal impersonators. A Papal pretender is called an Antipope.〔See for example of revisionist use of the term upon Antipope Christopher.〕
==Modern pretenders==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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