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Pribina
Pribina (c. 800861) was a Slavic prince whose adventurous career, recorded in the ''Conversion of the Bavarians and the Carantanians'' (a historical work written in 870), illustrates the political volatility of the Franco–Slavic frontiers of his time.〔Goldberg 2006, pp. 16., 83-84.〕 Pribina was the first ruler of Slavic origin to build a Christian church on Slavic territory in Nitra, and also the first to accept baptism.〔Spiesz ''et al.'' 2006, p. 20.〕
He was attacked and expelled from his homeland by Mojmir I, duke of Moravia. Pribina first fled to Ratpot, one of the border lords in East Francia.〔 Thereafter he was wandering in Central and Southeastern Europe for several years.〔 Finally, in the late 830s, Louis the German, king of East Francia granted Pribina lands near Lake Balaton (now in Hungary) where he set up his own principality under the king's suzerainty.〔 He died fighting against the Moravians.
== Early life ==
According to a marginal notation to the ''Conversion'' that has by now been incorporated into its main text, Pribina's allodial lands were situated ''in Nitrava ultra Danuvium'' where Archbishop Adalram of Salzburg (821–836) consecrated a church, Since ''Nitrava'' has been identified, although not unanimously, with modern Nitra in Slovakia, Pribina is considered to have ruled the large early medieval fortress excavated at that town.〔〔 The consecration of the church in ''Nitrava'' took place around 827, thus it was the first church in all Eastern Europe whose existence is documented in writing.〔 That the church was consecrated for Pribina himself (who, all the same, still remained a catechumen), or for his wife cannot be decided.〔Sommer ''et al.'' 2007, p. 221.〕 She seems to have been a member of the Bavarian Wilhelminer family.〔
Whether Pribina held ''Nitrava'' as a lieutenant of Mojmir I, the first known ruler of Moravia, or he was – maybe the second or third – prince of an independent Slavic principality is still debated by modern historians.〔〔Kirschbaum 2007, pp. 207., 232.〕 The best source of his life,〔 the ''Conversio Bagoariorum et Carantanorum'' never regarded him as ''dux'' (gentilis).〔SZŐKE, Béla Miklós, (A KÁRPÁT-MEDENCE A KAROLING-KORBAN ÉS A MAGYAR HONFOGLALÁS ), p. 2.〕 Nevertheless, according to the ''Conversion'', he was "driven across the Danube by Mojmir, duke of the Moravians" shortly after the defense of the eastern marches in East Francia had been taken over by Ratpot in around 833.〔〔Bowlus 1994, pp. 101., 104., 106.〕
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