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Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a blood product administered intravenously. It contains the pooled, polyvalent, IgG antibodies extracted from the plasma of over one thousand blood donors. IVIG's effects last between 2 weeks and 3 months. It is mainly used as treatment in four major disease categories: * Primary Immune deficiencies such as X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and hypogammaglobulinemia. * Acquired compromised immunity conditions (secondary immune deficiencies) featuring low antibody levels. * Autoimmune diseases, e.g. immune thrombocytopenia, inflammatory diseases, Kawasaki disease, and Guillain-Barre Syndrome. * Acute infections. There are numerous trade names of IVIG products, including Flebogamma, Gamunex, Privigen and Gammagard. == Medical use == IVIG is given as a plasma protein replacement therapy (IgG) for immune deficient patients who have decreased or abolished antibody production capabilities. In these immune deficient patients, IVIG is administered to maintain adequate antibody levels to prevent infections and confers a passive immunity. Treatment is given every 3–4 weeks. In the case of patients with autoimmune disease, IVIG is administered at a high dose (generally 1-2 grams IVIG per kg body weight) to attempt to decrease the severity of the autoimmune diseases such as dermatomyositis. Currently, IVIg is being increasingly used off-label in a number of pathological conditions; the increasing world-wide usage of IVIg may lead to shortages of this beneficial drug. IVIG is useful in some acute infection cases such as pediatric HIV infection as well as autoimmune, such as Guillain–Barré syndrome. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Intravenous immunoglobulin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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