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A pro-sentence is a function word or expression that substitutes for a whole sentence whose content is recoverable from the context. A pro-sentence is a kind of pro-form and is therefore anaphoric. In English, ''yes'', ''no'', ''okay'' and ''amen'' are common pro-sentences. In response to the question "Does Mars have two moons?", the sentence "Yes" can be understood to abbreviate "Mars has two moons." Pro-sentences are sometimes seen as grammatical interjections, since they are capable of very limited syntactical relations. But they can also be classified as a distinct part of speech, given that (other) interjections have meanings of their own and are often described as expressions of feelings or emotions. == Yes and no == (詳細はsubject and the verb, or the verb and a complement, and can also constitute a subordinate clause. The Portuguese word ''sim'' (''yes'') gives a good example: :Q: Ela está em casa? A: Acredito ''que sim''. — Q: Is she at home? A: I believe ''that she is'' (literally, ''that yes''). :Ela não saiu de casa, mas ''o John sim''. — She didn't leave home, but ''John did'' (literally, ''John yes''). In some languages, such as English, ''yes'' rebuts a negative question, whereas ''no'' affirms it. However, in Japanese, the equivalents of ''no'' (''iie'', ''uun'', ''(i)ya'') rebut a negative question, whereas the equivalents of ''yes'' (''hai'', ''ee'', ''un'') affirm it. :Q: ''Wakarimasen deshita ka'' (''Did you not understand?'') :A: ''Hai, wakarimasen deshita'' (''No, I didn't'' — Literally ''That's right, I didn't understand'') Some languages have a specific word that rebuts a negative question. German has ''"doch"''; French has ''"si"''; Norwegian, Danish, and Swedish have ''jo'', Hungarian has ''"de"''. None have a clear English translation. :Q: ''Bist du nicht müde?'' (''Aren't you tired?'') :A: ''Doch. Ich gehe bald schlafen.'' (''Yes. I'm about to go to sleep.'') 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pro-sentence」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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