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''Protoparvovirus'' is a genus of viruses in the subfamily ''Parvovirinae'' of the virus family ''Parvoviridae''. Vertebrates serve as natural hosts. There are currently five species in this genus including the type species ''Rodent protoparvovirus 1''. This genus includes canine parvovirus, which causes gastrointestinal tract damage in puppies that is about 80% fatal.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/199.html )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release )〕 Until 2014, the genus was called ''Parvovirus'', but it was renamed to eliminate confusion between members of this genus and members of the entire family ''Parvoviridae''.〔Cotmore SF, Agbandje-McKenna M, Chiorini JA, Mukha DV, Pintel DJ, Qiu J, Soderlund-Venermo M, Tattersall P, Tijssen P, Gatherer D, Davison AJ. 2014. The family Parvoviridae. Arch. Virol. 159: 1239—47.〕 ==Taxonomy== Group: ssDNA }} }}〔 Five species are currently recognized, most containing several named viruses, virus strains, genotypes or serotypes. When applied to viruses, the definition of species is a little unusual.〔Van Regenmortel MHV (2000) Introduction to the species concept in virus taxonomy. In: Van Regenmortel MHV, Fauquet CM, Bishop DHL, Carstens EB, Estes MK, Lemon SM, McGeogh DJ, Maniloff J, Mayo MA, Pringle CR, Wickner RB. (eds) Virus Taxonomy-Seventh Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Elsevier Academic Press, London.〕 It is simply an abstract taxonomic concept that clusters a selected range of genetic variants, helping to distinguish branches in a phylogenetic lineage, but it is not a physical entity like a virus that can infect an animal or be isolated.〔Van Regenmortel MHV (2003) Viruses are real, virus species are man-made taxonomic constructions. Arch. Virol. 148: 2481–2488.〕 If the diversity level used to define a species is set very low, many will effectively contain a single virus, and the virus and species may even be given the same name, resulting in confusion between the two concepts in the literature, and marginalizing the phylogenetic role of the species taxon. To counter this problem, the diversity level now recognized for species in the ''Parvoviridae'' is relatively broad: species are defined as a cluster of similar viruses that encode a particular replication protein, typically called NS1, that is at least 85% identical to the protein encoded by other members of the species, as discussed in 〔 and.〔 Recognized species in genus ''Protoparvovirus'' include: *''Carnivore protoparvovirus 1'' (which includes the viruses canine parvovirus and feline parvovirus); *''Primate protoparvovirus 1'' (the human bufaviruses); *''Rodent protoparvovirus 1'' (which includes H-1 parvovirus, Kilham rat virus, LuIII virus, minute virus of mice, mouse parvovirus, tumor virus X, and rat minute virus); *''Rodent protoparvovirus 2'' (rat parvovirus 1) *''Ungulate parvovirus 1'' (porcine parvovirus) Another candidate virus in this group - Tusavirus 1 - has been reported in the feces of a single human, but whether or not it is able to infect humans or was simply ingested remains to be clarified.〔Phan TG, Sdiri-Loulizi K, Aouni M, Ambert-Balay K, Pothier P, Deng X, Delwart E (2014) New parvovirus in child with unexplained diarrhea, Tunisia. Emerg Infect Dis 20(11):1911-1913. doi: 10.3201/eid2011.140428〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Protoparvovirus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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