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Prozostrodon
''Prozostrodon'' was an advanced cynodont that was closely related to the ancestors of mammals. The remains were found in Brazil and are dated to the middle Triassic. It was originally described as a species of ''Thrinaxodon''〔Barberena, M.C, J. F. Bonaparte, J.F. & Teixeira, A.M.SA (1987): ''Thrinaxodon brasiliensis'' sp. nov., a primeira ocorrencia de cinodontes gales - sauros para o Triasico do Rio Grande do Sul. ''Anais do X Congresso Brasileiro de Paleontologia'', Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, pp. 67-76.〕 and was probably fairly similar to that genus in overall build. The sole find has a skull length of 6.7 cm, indicating the whole animal may have been the size of a cat, though there is some doubt as to whether the find represents an adult individual. The teeth were typical of advanced cynodonts, and the animal was probably a small carnivore hunting lizards and other small prey.〔Bonaparte, J.F. and Barberena, M.C. (2001). "(On two advanced carnivorous cynodonts from the Late Triassic of Southern Brazil )": In: Studies in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology in honor of A. W. Crompton, edited by Jenkins Jr, F.A., Shapiro, M.D., and Owerkowicz, T. ''Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology'' 156 (1): 59-80.〕
Later analysis indicated ''Prozostrodon'' was more closely related to the mammals than to the ''Thrinaxodon'' species, and it was given its own genus. Cladistic analysis indicates its closest relatives gave rise to the first mammaliaforms and therefore to the crown group mammals. ''Prozostrodon'' was found in the Geopark of Paleorrota, Santa Maria Formation, Brazil and is deposited in the paleontology museum of the UFRGS.〔(The Continental Tetrapod-Bearing Triassic of South Brazil )〕
==Contemporaries==
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