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Psephophorus
''Psephophorus'' is an extinct genus of sea turtle that lived from the Oligocene to the Pliocene. Its remains have been found in Europe, Africa, North America, and New Zealand. It was first named by Hermann von Meyer in 1847, and contains seven species, ''P. polygonus'', ''P. calvertensis'', ''P. eocaenus'', ''P. oregonesis'', ''P. californiensis'', ''P. rupeliensis'',〔''Proceedings''; page 8. By the Zoological Society of London; published 1891. Retrieved on June 28th, 2008.〕 ''P. scaldii'',〔 and a species discovered in 1995,〔 ''P. terrypratchetti''.
''Psephophorus'' is the only Miocene dermochelyid turtle found in Europe. One species of ''Psephophorus'' could measure up to ten feet in length.〔''A Manual of Palaeontology''; page 1091. By Henry Alleyne Nicholson and Richard Lydekker; published 1889, Blackwood. Retrieved on June 28th, 2008.〕
==Discovery and identification==
Von Meyer originally called ''Psephophorus'' "Jahrbuch" in 1846. At first he was unable to identify the creature beyond its dermal plates, but when he later received a drawing he was able to describe the specimen, which was then in Pressburg, as a fragment of a carapace, which contained seventy bones.〔
In 1879, Professor H.G. Seeley was asked to study the ''Psephophorus'' specimen by Franz Ritter von Hauer, the Director of the Austro-Hungarian Imperial and Royal Geological Survey.〔 Up until then, the specimen's identity had been undeterminable, with even Seeley describing it at first to seem like "the dermal covering of an Edentate closely allied to the Armadilloes."〔 Seeley examined some bone fragments and concluded the specimen was that of a reptilian creature,〔 furthermore a chelonid. It also proved to be more closely related to ''Sphargis'' than any other type in the Chelonian order.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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