|
Pseudohistory is a type of historical negationism that claims to be legitimate history. As the re-interpretation of an historical event, pseudohistory is produced by the application of the research techniques of the historical method (primary sources and evidence) characteristic of legitimate history; yet, in itself, the work of pseudohistory is intellectually inconsistent with the historical record and with the common-sense understanding held in the collective memory of society. In practice, a pseudohistory presents a big lie — sensational claims — about historical fact that would require the revision (re-writing) of the historical record. The term ''pseudohistory'' is applied to works of historical revision that are based upon or derived from a theory or upon a re-interpretation or both; moreover, the related term cryptohistory applied to a pseudohistory based upon or derived from the superstitions inherent to occultism. ==Definition and etymology== The term pseudohistory was coined in the early 19th century; a usage older than the term ''pseudo-scholarship'' and earlier than ''pseudo-science''.〔 Monthly magazine and British register, Volume 55 (February 1823), (p. 449 ), in reference to John Galt, ''Ringan Gilhaize: Or, The Covenanters'', Oliver & Boyd, 1823.()〕 Similarly, in an 1815 attestation, it is used to refer to ''Certamen Homeri et Hesiodi'', a fictional contest between two historical poets.〔C. A. Elton, ''Remains of Hesiod the Ascraean'' 1815, (p. xix ).〕 The pejorative sense of the term, labelling a flawed or disingenuous work of historiography, is found in another 1815 attestation.〔The Critical review: or, Annals of literature, Volume 1 ed. Tobias George Smollett, 1815, (p. 152 )〕 Pseudohistory is akin to pseudoscience in that both forms of falsification are achieved using the methodology that purports to, but does not, adhere to the established standards of research for the given field of intellectual enquiry to which the pseudoscience claims to be a part, and which offers little or no supporting evidence for its plausibility.〔Fritze, Ronald H,. (2009). Invented knowledge: false history, fake science and pseudo-religions. Reaktion Books. pp 7-18. ISBN 978-1-86189-430-4〕 Historian of science Douglas Allchin〔Allchin, D. 2004. (Pseudohistory and pseudoscience ) 1 ''Science & Education'' 13:179-195.〕 contends that when history in science discovery is presented in a simplified way, with drama exaggerated and scientists romanticized, this creates wrong stereotypes about how science works, and in fact constitutes pseudohistory, despite being based on real facts. Writers Michael Shermer and Alex Grobman see pseudohistory as "the rewriting of the past for present personal or political purposes".〔Michael Shermer, Alex Grobman. ''Denying History: Who Says the Holocaust Never Happened and Why Do They Say It?'', University of California Press, 2009, ISBN 978-0-520-26098-6, p.2〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pseudohistory」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|