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Pterichthyodes
''Pterichthyodes'' is a genus of antiarch placoderm fishes from the Devonian period. Its fossils have been discovered in Scotland. They were one of the first species recognized for what they were, as their fossils are common in the Old Red Sandstone formation studied by geologists in the early 19th century. Due to their extreme divergence from modern-day fish, they were a puzzle unsolved until Charles Darwin brought forward his theories on evolution.
As with all other antiarchs, ''Pterichthyodes'' had heavily armored heads and forebodies, while their scaly tails were unarmored. Specimen length ranges from to .〔 As placoderms, they were members of the earliest known vertebrates to possess jaws, though they had grinding plates rather than teeth. The generic name of''Pterichthyodes'' refers directly to their odd wing-like appendages ("pterichthys" being a compound crassis word from Ancient Greek for "wing-fish"), which correspond to and were derived from the pectoral fins seen in modern fish and other non-antiarch placoderms. Fossils of ''Pterichtyodes'' showing eyes positioned on the direct of the head and a "ventrally flattened trunk shield" suggest that it was a "bottom dweller", living at the bottom of lakes, where it might have crawled using its pectoral appendages.〔 It has also been theorized that ''Pterichthyodes'' and other antiarchs used these appendages to bury itself.
''Pterichthyodes'' would have fed by browsing shallower areas of the lake bed for decaying detritus.〔
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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