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}} | area_rank = | elevation_footnotes = 〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=CPRS Patna About Us )〕 | elevation_m = 53 | population_demonym = Patnaite | demographics_type1 = Languages | demographics1_title1 = Spoken | demographics1_info1 = Hindi, English, Magadhi | timezone1 = IST | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | postal_code_type = Pincode(s) | postal_code = 800 XXX | area_code_type = Area code(s) | area_code = +91-612 | blank_name_sec1 = UN/LOCODE | blank_info_sec1 = IN PAT | iso_code = IN-BR-PA | registration_plate = BR 01 | blank1_name_sec1 = Sex ratio | blank1_info_sec1 = 1.13〔 ♂/♀ | blank2_name_sec1 = Literacy | blank2_info_sec1 = 84.71% | blank3_name_sec1 = Lok Sabha constituency | blank3_info_sec1 = Patna Sahib and Pataliputra | blank4_name_sec1 = Vidhan Sabha constituency | blank4_info_sec1 = Digha (181), Bankipur (182), Kumhrar (183), Patna Sahib (184), Fatuha (185), Danapur (186), Maner (187), Phulwari-SC (188) | blank5_name_sec1 = Planning agency | blank5_info_sec1 = Bihar Urban Infrastructure Development Corporation | blank2_name_sec2 = Climate | blank2_info_sec2 = Cwa (Köppen) | blank3_name_sec2 = Precipitation | blank3_info_sec2 = | blank4_name_sec2 = Avg. annual temperature | blank4_info_sec2 = | blank5_name_sec2 = Avg. summer temperature | blank5_info_sec2 = | blank6_name_sec2 = Avg. winter temperature | blank6_info_sec2 = | website = | footnotes = }} Patna is the capital and largest city of the state of Bihar in India. Patna is the second largest city in eastern India after Kolkata. It had an estimated population of 1.68 million in 2011, making it the 19th largest city in India. With over 2 million people, its urban agglomeration is the 18th largest in India. Patna also serves as the seat of Patna High Court. One of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Populations of Largest Cities in PMNs from 2000BC to 1988AD )〕 Patna was founded in 490 BCE by the king of Magadha. Ancient Patna, known as Pataliputra, was the capital of the Magadha Empire under the Haryanka, Nanda, Mauryan, Shunga, Gupta and Pala empires. Pataliputra was a seat of learning and fine arts. Its population during the Maurya period (around 300 BCE) was about 400,000. The modern city of Patna is situated on the southern bank of river Ganges. The city also straddles the rivers Sone, Gandak and Punpun. The city is approximately in length and wide. In June 2009, the World Bank ranked Patna second in India (after Delhi) for ease of starting a business. As of 2011-12, Patna had the highest per capita gross district domestic product in Bihar, at 63,063. Using figures for assumed average annual growth, Patna is the 21st fastest growing city in the world and 5th fastest growing city in India according to a study by the City Mayors' Foundation. Patna registered an average annual growth of 3.72% during 2006-2010. The Buddhist, Hindu, and Jain pilgrimage centres of Vaishali, Rajgir, Nalanda, Bodh Gaya, and Pawapuri are nearby and Patna City is also a sacred city for Sikhs as the tenth Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, was born here. ==Etymology== The name of this city has changed with time. One of the oldest cities of India, there are several theories regarding the origin of the modern name Patna (Devanagari:पटना) : *It is etymologically derived from ''Patan'' (Devanagari: पIतन), the name of the Hindu goddess, Patan Devi. *Patan Devi Mandir is still situated in old Patna near Gulzarbagh mandi along with another Patan Devi Mandir near Takht Sri Patna Sahib in Patna city. *Many believe Patna derived its name from Patli, a tree variety that was found in abundance in the historic city. (which is also seen on the state tourism's logo) *The place is mentioned in Chinese traveller Fa Hien's records as Pa-lin-fou.〔 *The city has been known by various names through more than 2,000 years of existence – Pataligrama, Pataliputra, Kusumapura, Kusumdhwaja Pushpapuram, Padmavathi, Azimabad and the present-day Patna.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=STORY OF PATNA )〕 *Legend ascribes the origin of Patna to the mythological King Putraka who created Patna by magic for his queen Patali, literally "trumpet flower", which gives it its ancient name Pataligrama. It is said that in honour of the queen's first-born, the city was named Pataliputra. ''Gram'' is Sanskrit for village and ''Putra'' means son. Legend also says that the Emerald Buddha was created in Patna (then Pataliputra) by Nagasena in 43 BCE. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Patna」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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