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Hundreds of Cornwall
The hundreds of Cornwall ((コーンウォール語:Keverangow Kernow)) were administrative divisions (hundreds) into which Cornwall, the present day county of England, in the UK, was divided between Anglo-Saxon times and the 19th century.
Some of the names of the hundreds ended with the suffix ''shire'' as in Pydarshire, East and West Wivelshire and Powdershire which were first recorded as names between 1184 and 1187.〔Gover, J. E. B. (1946) Research paper at the Courtney Library, Royal Institution of Cornwall, Truro.〕 In the Cornish language the word ''keverang'' (''pl. keverangow'') is the equivalent for English "hundred" and the Welsh cantref. The word, in its plural form, appears in place names like Meankeverango (i.e. stone of the hundreds) in 1580 (now The Enys, north of Prussia Cove and marking the southern end of the boundary between the hundreds of Penwith and Kerrier), and Assa Govranckowe 1580, Kyver Ankou ''c.'' 1720, also on the Penwith – Kerrier border near Scorrier. It is also found in the singular form at Buscaverran, just south of Crowan churchtown and also on the Penwith-Kerrier border. The hundred of ''Trigg'' is mentioned by name during the 7th century, as ''"Pagus Tricurius"'', ''"land of three war hosts"''.〔Craig Weatherhill, Article in ''Cornish World''; March 2007〕
==History==
The division of Wessex into hundreds is thought to date from the reign of King Athelstan, and in the Geld Inquest of 1083, only seven hundreds are found in Cornwall, identified by the names of the chief manors of each: Connerton, Winnianton, Pawton, Tybesta, Stratton, Fawton and Rillaton (corresponding to Penwith, Kerrier, Pydar, Powder, Trigg, West Wivel and East Wivel). At the time of the Domesday Survey of 1086, the internal order of the Cornish manors in the Exeter Domesday Book is in most cases based on the hundreds to which they belonged, although the hundred names are not used.〔Henderson, Charles 'A note on the hundreds of Pydar and Powder' in ''Essays in Cornish History'' (Oxford University Press, 1935)〕〔W. G. Hoskins, ''The Westward Expansion of Wessex'' (Leicester: Univ. Press, 1960)〕〔Thomas, Charles, 'Settlement History in Early Cornwall: I; the antiquity of the hundreds' in: ''Cornish Archaeology'' vol. 3 (St Ives: Cornwall Archaeological Society, 1964), pp. 70–79〕〔Thorn, Caroline & Frank, eds., ''Domesday Book. 10: Cornwall'' (Chichester: Phillimore, 1979)〕
All of the lordships of the Hundreds of Cornwall belonged, and still belong, to the Duchy of Cornwall, apart from Penwith which belonged to the Arundells of Lanherne. The Arundells sold their lordship to the Hawkins family in 1813 and the Hawkinses went on to sell it to the Paynters in 1832. The Lordship of Penwith came with a great number of rights over the entire hundred. These included: rights to try certain cases of trespass, trespass on the law, debt and detinue, to appoint a jailor for the detention of persons apprehended, to receive high-rent from the lords of the principal manors and to claim the regalia of the navigable rivers and havens, the profits of the royal gold and silver mines, and all wrecks, escheats, deodands, treasure trove, waifs, estrays, goods of felons and droits of admiralty happening within the hundred.〔National Archives. (Cat 021-ar-6 &c )〕
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